Surface underway measurements of partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2), water temperature, salinity and other parameters during container ship Jona Sophie SOOP cruises (EXPOCODEs 687B20190207, 687B20190210) in the coastal waters of of North Africa, Strait of Gibraltar, and North Atlantic Ocean from 2019-02-07 to 2021-05-04 (NCEI Accession 0288107)

This dataset consists of surface underway measurements collected during container ship Jona Sophie SOOP cruises (EXPOCODEs 687B20190207, 687B20190210) in the coastal waters of North Africa, Strait of Gibraltar, and North Atlantic Ocean from 2019-02-07 to 2021-05-04. An automated underway seawater and low atmospheric CO2 molar fraction (xCO2) measurement system, developed by Craig Neill and commercialized by General Oceanics™, with additional sensors of temperature, salinity and oxygen, was installed inside the engine room of the JONA SOPHIE container ship (named as RENATE P before September 2021). The system combines an air and water equilibrator with an infrared analyzer for detection which produces comparable and high quality data sets (Pierrot et al., 2009). Measurements of xCO2 (ppm) in seawater with frequencies of 2–3 min were performed by extracting seawater from the ship's supply at flow rates greater than 60 Lmin–1 and passing it through a plexiglass equilibrator at flow rates ranging between 3 and 4 Lmin−1. The system also performs three xCO2 measurements in low atmosphere per hour used to compute atmospheric CO2 content. In both cases, a non-dispersive infrared analyzer built by LICOR® (initially the 6262 model and after October 2019, a 7000 model) were used for the detection of xCO2. Due to technical problems with the measurement equipment aboard the VOS, no temperature, salinity or xCO2 measurements were obtained during March 2019 (problems with water intake), during the second half of August 2019 (problems with LICOR flow) and on a limited number of return journeys from the port of Barcelona. The dataset allows the study of spatio-temporal variability in the distribution of surface ocean CO2 in the Strait of Gibraltar with unprecedented high resolution.

本数据集涵盖2019年2月7日至2021年5月4日期间，"约娜·索菲号"（Jona Sophie）集装箱船SOOP科考航次（航次编码EXPOCODEs 687B20190207、687B20190210）在北非沿岸水域、直布罗陀海峡及北大西洋海域采集的走航表层观测数据。该数据集搭载由克雷格·尼尔（Craig Neill）研发、General Oceanics™商业化的自动化走航海水与低空大气CO₂摩尔分数（xCO₂）测量系统，该系统额外集成了温度、盐度与溶解氧传感器，安装于"约娜·索菲号"（曾于2021年9月前更名为RENATE P）集装箱船的机舱内。该系统将气液平衡器与红外分析仪相结合进行检测，可生成具有可比性的高质量数据集（Pierrot等，2009）。研究人员通过从船舶供水系统中以大于60 L·min⁻¹的流速抽取海水，并以3至4 L·min⁻¹的流速使其流经有机玻璃平衡器，实现了每2至3分钟一次的海水xCO₂（ppm级）测量。该系统每小时还会完成三次低空大气xCO₂测量，用于计算大气CO₂含量。在上述两种测量场景中，均采用LICOR®公司生产的非分散红外分析仪（2019年10月前使用6262型号，2019年10月后改用7000型号）进行xCO₂检测。由于该志愿观测船（VOS）上的测量设备出现技术故障，2019年3月（取水系统故障）、2019年8月下半月（LICOR分析仪流量故障）以及有限次数从巴塞罗那港返航的航次中，均未获取到温度、盐度及xCO₂测量数据。本数据集可用于以前所未有的高分辨率研究直布罗陀海峡表层海洋CO₂分布的时空变异特征。