Battery-less Environment Sensor Using Thermoelectric Energy Harvesting From Soil-Ambient Air Temperature Differences

The data set contains the data collected from experiments sites in Belgium ( Campus Drie Eiken, University of Antwerp, 51.161° N, 4.408° W) and Iceland ( Forhot, 64.008° N, 21.178° W) for the research and evaluation of a battery-less environment sensor powered by energy harvesting. The device uses the temperature difference between soil and air to produce energy with the help of a Thermoelectric Generator (TEG) and powers a wireless sensor node. The data set includes data collected from 2 phases of the study. One during the initial evaluation phase where we collected soil temperatures at 15 cm and air temperature to evaluate the possibilities of producing energy from the temperature differences. Using these data, we estimated the energy production capacity for both sites. Further, a proof-of-concept device was developed, and its performance was evaluated with field experiments. During this process, we collected the voltage level of the storage unit, i.e, the capacitor, air and soil temperatures and the TEG output voltage. During both phases, the same methods were employed to collect data. The voltage values were measured with a 12-bit ADC and the temperature was measured with 1-Wire temperature sensor. Further, the collected data were transferred to cloud storage in real-time for further analysis and evaluation. <strong>cde_mseasurements_oct2020-nov2020.csv</strong> Soil temperature and air temperature data from the Campus Drie Eiken at the University of Antwerp, Belgium. The data were collected from 2 Oct 2020 to 17 Nov 2020. <strong>cde_teg_measurements.csv</strong> Soil temperature, ambient temperature and the open-circuit voltage of TEG from Campus Drie Eiken at the University Antwerp, Belgium from 21 Apr 2021 to 25 Apr May 2021. Also includes the difference calculated between the two temperature values. <strong>cde_energy_simulated.csv</strong> Energy production capacity estimated using the temperature data collected from Campus Drie Eiken at the University of Antwerp. <strong>aui_measurements_nov-2021.csv</strong> Soil temperature and air temperature data from the Forhot research site in Iceland for the month of November 2021. <strong>aui_teg_measurements.csv</strong> Soil temperature, ambient temperature and the open-circuit voltage of TEG collected from the Forhot research site in Iceland. Also includes the difference calculated between the two temperature values. The data were collected from 18 Nov 2021 to 30 Nov 2021 <strong>aui_energy_simulated.csv</strong> Energy production capacity estimated using the temperature data collected from the Forhot research site in Iceland. <strong>cde_capacitor_voltage.csv</strong> The voltage level of the capacitor used by the battery-less device to buffer the harvested energy. The device was deployed at the Campus Drie Eiken and the data collection was carried out from 1 Mar 2022 to 12 Apr 2022. A 15 mF supercapacitor was used.本数据集涵盖采集自比利时安特卫普大学Drie Eiken校区（北纬51.161°，西经4.408°）与冰岛Forhot研究站点（北纬64.008°，西经21.178°）实验场地的实测数据，用于无电池能量收集式环境传感器的研究与性能评估。该设备借助热电发生器（Thermoelectric Generator, TEG），利用土壤与空气之间的温差产生电能，为无线传感器节点供电。 本数据集包含本研究两个阶段的采集数据：第一阶段为初始评估阶段，研究人员采集15cm深度的土壤温度与空气温度，以评估温差产电的可行性，并基于上述数据估算两个站点的产电能力。第二阶段为概念验证装置开发与野外性能评估阶段，此过程中采集了储能单元（即电容器）的电压水平、空气与土壤温度以及TEG输出电压。两个阶段均采用统一的数据采集方法：电压值通过12位模数转换器（Analog-to-Digital Converter, ADC）测量，温度则通过单总线（1-Wire）温度传感器采集；所有采集数据均实时上传至云端存储，以供后续分析与评估。 以下为各数据文件的详细说明： - **cde_mseasurements_oct2020-nov2020.csv**：比利时安特卫普大学Drie Eiken校区的土壤温度与空气温度数据，采集时段为2020年10月2日至2020年11月17日。 - **cde_teg_measurements.csv**：比利时安特卫普大学Drie Eiken校区的土壤温度、环境温度及TEG开路电压数据，采集时段为2021年4月21日至2021年5月25日，同时包含两类温度的差值计算结果。 - **cde_energy_simulated.csv**：基于安特卫普大学Drie Eiken校区采集的温度数据估算得到的产电能力数据集。 - **aui_measurements_nov-2021.csv**：冰岛Forhot研究站点2021年11月的土壤与空气温度数据。 - **aui_teg_measurements.csv**：冰岛Forhot研究站点采集的土壤温度、环境温度及TEG开路电压数据，同时包含两类温度的差值计算结果，采集时段为2021年11月18日至2021年11月30日。 - **aui_energy_simulated.csv**：基于冰岛Forhot研究站点采集的温度数据估算得到的产电能力数据集。 - **cde_capacitor_voltage.csv**：无电池设备用于缓冲收集能量的电容器电压水平数据，该设备部署于Drie Eiken校区，数据采集时段为2022年3月1日至2022年4月12日，所用储能元件为15 mF超级电容器。