Package for Racial Disparities in Exposure to Lead from School Drinking Water

This work investigates school children's exposure to lead in school water through test taken at school from 2016 to 2022. Racial disparities in exposure to hazards like lead can compound existing inequities. Such disparities may arise in US schools, since many schools have high concentrations of particular racial groups, We construct a novel nationwide data set of US school water testing data for 7,302 public schools from 2016-22. We show that exceedances of the regulatory ``action levels'' of 15 and 20 ppb are common; 1 in 5 schools nationally have at least one test above the 15 ppb action level.本研究依托2016至2022年校园采集的水体检测样本，针对学龄儿童的校园水体铅暴露水平展开调查。铅等有害物质的暴露水平差异可能加剧既有的社会不公平现象；鉴于美国诸多学校的学生群体高度集中于特定种族群体，这类暴露差异在美国校园中较为常见。本研究构建了一套全新的全美公立学校水体检测数据集，涵盖2016至2022年间7302所公立学校的检测数据。研究显示，超过15ppb与20ppb监管行动限值的超标情况十分普遍，全美范围内每5所学校中，即有至少1所学校存在至少一项检测结果高于15ppb监管行动限值的案例。