Production of biocomposites from the reuse of coconut powder colonized by Shiitake mushroom

ABSTRACT The demand for biodegradable composite has grown worldwide in recent years, mainly in order to reduce environmental contamination by structural materials produced from the oil industry. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth of isolates from the edible mushroom “Shiitake” (Lentinula edodes) in substrate coconut powder-based supplemented with wheat bran, as well as to analyze the influence of fungi growing period and drying time of the colonized substrate on the mechanical properties of the composite, in order to produce a biodegradable composite. The mycelial density is not influenced by the type of hyphae of L. edodes. Drying of the composite does not influence the residual odor, depending on the isolate. The compressive strength and foam type of the fungal composite may be influenced by the culture period and type of hyphae, depending on the fungal isolate. The composites colonized by the L. edodes isolates presented higher mechanical resistance at 30 days of complete colonization. The coconut powder supplemented with wheat bran colonized by isolated fungi LED 96/18 is an ecological alternative in the packaging production considering its mechanical properties.摘要 近年来，全球可生物降解复合材料的需求持续攀升，主要用于减少石油基结构材料造成的环境污染。本研究旨在评估食用蘑菇“香菇（Shiitake，Lentinula edodes）”的分离菌株在以椰子粉为基底、添加麦麸的培养基中的生长情况，并分析真菌培养周期与定植基质干燥时间对复合材料力学性能的影响，以制备可生物降解复合材料。研究表明，香菇菌丝体的密度不受其菌丝类型的影响；根据分离菌株的不同，复合材料的干燥处理对残留气味无显著影响。真菌复合材料的抗压强度与发泡类型可能受培养周期和菌丝类型的影响，具体影响效果因真菌分离菌株而异。经香菇分离菌株定植的复合材料，在完全定植30天时可呈现更高的力学强度。以麦麸补充的椰子粉经真菌菌株LED 96/18定植后，凭借其力学性能，可作为包装生产中的生态替代方案。