Data from: Selection and sex-biased dispersal in a coastal shark: the influence of philopatry on adaptive variation

Sex-biased dispersal is expected to homogenize nuclear genetic variation relative to variation in genetic material inherited through the philopatric sex. When site fidelity occurs across a heterogeneous environment, local selective regimes may alter this pattern. We assessed spatial patterns of variation in nuclear-encoded, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and sequences of the mitochondrial control region in bonnethead sharks (Sphyrna tiburo), a species thought to exhibit female philopatry, collected from summer habitats used for gestation. Geographic patterns of mtDNA haplotypes and putatively neutral SNPs confirmed female philopatry and male-mediated gene flow along the northeastern coast of the Gulf of Mexico. A total of 30 outlier SNP loci were identified; alleles at over half of these loci exhibited signatures of latitude-associated selection. Our results indicate that in species with sex-biased dispersal, philopatry can facilitate sorting of locally adaptive variation, with the dispersing sex facilitating movement of potentially adaptive variation among locations and environments.

性别偏向扩散（sex-biased dispersal）本应使核遗传变异相较于通过留居性（philopatry）性别传递的遗传物质变异趋于均一化。当在异质环境中存在栖息地保真（site fidelity）行为时，局地选择机制（selective regimes）可能会改变这一模式。
我们对采集自妊娠夏季栖息地的窄头双髻鲨（Sphyrna tiburo）的核编码单核苷酸多态性（single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs）变异空间格局以及线粒体控制区（mitochondrial control region）序列进行了评估，该物种被认为具有雌性留居性。
线粒体DNA单倍型与推定中性SNPs的地理格局证实，在墨西哥湾东北沿岸存在雌性留居性与雄性介导的基因流。
共计鉴定出30个异常SNPs位点；其中超过半数位点的等位基因呈现出与纬度相关的选择特征。
我们的研究结果表明，在具有性别偏向扩散的物种中，留居行为可促进局地适应性变异的筛选，而扩散性别则可推动潜在适应性变异在不同生境与区域间的传播。