Substrates and indol butyric acid on red dragon fruit of white pulp seedlings production

ABSTRACT Dragon fruit is a fruit cactus originating in the tropical rainforests of South and Central America. It produces unconventional fruits that are much appreciated, with great potential for diversification of the sector. It is propagated preferentially by cutting, providing increase in the precocity and uniformity of the orchards. In order to maximize the production of seedlings, the objective was to evaluate different concentrations of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and three types of substrates in the production of dragon fruit seedlings ((Hylocereus undatus). The experiment was conducted in experimental design was a randomized complete block design with factorial 5x3 (IBA concentrations - 0, 1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000 mg L-1 x substrates - sand, sand and soil, soil) with three reapplications. After 120 planting the cuttings, the following characteristics were evaluated: number of lateral cladodes, length of cladodes, fresh roots biomass, dry roots biomass, fresh shoot biomass and dry shoot biomass. The results of the variables were subjected to variance analysis and the substrates were grouped by Scott-Knott test and the effect of the IBA was evaluated by regression. There was a significant effect of the interaction between IBA doses and substrate types only for the variable number of cladodes. The immersion of the cuttings in solution with IBA resulted in significant differences in the phytotechnical characteristics: number and length of the cladodes, fresh biomass of the roots and aerial part. The significance of the substrates occurred for the fresh and dry biomass of the roots. The range between 1776.33 and 2299 mg L-1 of IBA provides greater growth of dragon fruit seedlings. The substrate sand promotes greater rooting of the seedlings.

摘要：火龙果为原产于中南美洲热带雨林的仙人掌科水果作物，其果实别具特色、广受青睐，在农业产业多元化发展中具备巨大潜力。生产中优先采用扦插繁殖方式，可提升果园的早结性与整齐度。

为最大化种苗产量，本研究以量天尺（*Hylocereus undatus*，即火龙果）为试材，评估不同浓度吲哚-3-丁酸（indole-3-butyric acid, IBA）与3种基质对火龙果种苗繁育的影响。本实验采用完全随机区组设计，设置5×3因子组合：吲哚-3-丁酸浓度梯度为0、1000、2000、3000、4000 mg·L⁻¹，基质类型分别为纯沙、沙+土混合基质、纯土，每个处理设置3次重复。扦插定植120天后，对以下指标进行测定：侧茎数量、茎段长度、根系鲜生物量、根系干生物量、地上部鲜生物量及地上部干生物量。

对各指标的测定结果进行方差分析，采用Scott-Knott检验对基质处理进行多重比较，通过回归分析评估吲哚-3-丁酸的作用效应。结果显示，仅在茎数量这一指标上，吲哚-3-丁酸浓度与基质类型的交互作用达到显著水平。将插穗浸泡于吲哚-3-丁酸溶液中，可显著影响种苗的农艺性状：包括茎的数量与长度、根系及地上部的鲜生物量。基质类型对根系的鲜、干生物量均存在显著影响。当吲哚-3-丁酸浓度处于1776.33~2299 mg·L⁻¹区间时，可更有效地促进火龙果种苗的生长。纯沙基质更有利于火龙果种苗的根系发育。