Data from: Development of a gridded meteorological data set over the Java island, Indonesia 1985-2014

We describe a gridded daily meteorology dataset consisting of precipitation, minimum and maximum temperature over Java Island, Indonesia at 0.125°×0.125° (~14 km) resolution spanning 30 years from 1985–2014. Importantly, this data set represents a marked improvement from existing gridded data sets over Java with higher spatial resolution, derived exclusively from ground-based observations unlike existing satellite or reanalysis-based products. Gap-infilling and gridding were performed via the Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) interpolation method (radius, r, of 25 km and power of influence, α, of 3 as optimal parameters) restricted to only those stations including at least 3,650 days (~10 years) of valid data. We employed MSWEP and CHIRPS rainfall products in the cross-validation. It shows that the gridded rainfall presented here produces the most reasonable performance. Visual inspection reveals an increasing performance of gridded precipitation from grid, watershed to island scale. The data set, stored in a network common data form (NetCDF), is intended to support watershed-scale and island-scale studies of short-term and long-term climate, hydrology and ecology.

本研究介绍了一套覆盖印度尼西亚爪哇岛的网格化逐日气象数据集，该数据集包含降水、最低与最高气温要素，空间分辨率为0.125°×0.125°（约14公里），时间跨度为1985年至2014年，共计30年。尤为重要的是，相较于爪哇岛区域现有的网格化数据集，本数据集空间分辨率更高，且完全基于地面观测数据构建，区别于现有依赖卫星或再分析资料的同类产品。数据的间隙填充与网格化处理采用反距离加权（Inverse Distance Weighting, IDW）插值法完成，最优参数设置为搜索半径25公里、影响幂次3，且插值过程仅纳入拥有至少3650天（约10年）有效观测数据的气象站点。本研究采用MSWEP与CHIRPS降水产品开展交叉验证，结果表明本文提出的网格化降水产品表现最为合理。目视检验结果显示，网格化降水的模拟性能随尺度提升逐步增强，依次覆盖网格尺度、流域尺度至岛域尺度。本数据集以网络通用数据格式（Network Common Data Form, NetCDF）存储，旨在支撑流域尺度与岛域尺度的短期、长期气候、水文及生态相关研究。