KEGG pathway entries with the top 50 ranking.

Stingless bees play a crucial role in the environment and agriculture as they are effective pollinators. Furthermore, they can produce various products that can be exploited economically, such as propolis and honey. Despite their economic value, the knowledge of microbial community of stingless bees, and their roles on the bees’ health, especially in Thailand, are in its infancy. This study aimed to investigate the composition and the functions of bacterial community associated with Tetragonula pagdeni stingless bees using culture-independent and culture-dependent approaches with emphasis on lactic acid bacteria. The culture-independent results showed that the dominant bacterial phyla were Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. The most abundant families were Lactobacillaceae and Halomonadaceae. Functional prediction indicated that the prevalent functions of bacterial communities were chemoheterotrophy and fermentation. In addition, the bacterial community might be able to biosynthesize amino acid and antimicrobial compounds. Further isolation and characterization resulted in isolates that belonged to the dominant taxa of the community and possessed potentially beneficial metabolic activity. This suggested that they are parts of the nutrient acquisition and host defense bacterial functional groups in Thai commercial stingless bees.无刺蜂（stingless bees）作为高效传粉昆虫，在生态环境与农业生产中发挥着不可或缺的关键作用。此外，它们还可产出蜂胶（propolis）、蜂蜜等多种具备经济开发价值的蜂产品。尽管无刺蜂具有可观的经济价值，但目前学界对其体内微生物群落结构及其对蜂群健康的调控作用的认知仍处于起步阶段，在泰国地区尤为如此。本研究以帕氏三角无刺蜂（Tetragonula pagdeni）为研究材料，采用免培养法（culture-independent）与可培养法（culture-dependent）相结合的研究策略，重点针对乳酸菌（lactic acid bacteria），探究其共生细菌群落的组成与功能。免培养法分析结果显示，群落中占绝对优势的细菌菌门依次为厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）、变形菌门（Proteobacteria）与放线菌门（Actinobacteria）；丰度最高的细菌科则为乳酸杆菌科（Lactobacillaceae）与盐单胞菌科（Halomonadaceae）。功能预测结果表明，该细菌群落的核心代谢功能为化能异养（chemoheterotrophy）与发酵作用；此外，群落还具备生物合成氨基酸与抗菌化合物的潜在能力。后续的分离与鉴定实验获得的菌株均隶属于群落中的优势类群，且展现出潜在的有益代谢活性。这表明，这些菌株是泰国商业化养殖无刺蜂体内参与营养获取与宿主防御的细菌功能类群的重要组成部分。