Great Barrier Reef Mooring Array component of the GBROOS Project

Four pairs of long-term oceanographic moorings have been installed north to south along the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) with one of each pair located on the continental shelf slope notionally in ~200 metres depth (70-400m) and the other on the outer continental shelf complex in 30-70 metres.The design allows water moving along and onto the GBR to be measured by monitoring the poleward East Australian and the equatorward Hiri western boundary currents. Northern GBR - Lizard Island MooringsThe moorings in the northern area around Lizard Island are designed to detect two phenomena. The first is to measure the northern arm of the bifurcation where the westward South Equatorial Current impacts the reef and splits into two streams, one traveling north and one travelling south along the outer GBR. The bifurcation point varies latitudinally seasonally and so the variability is to be monitored. The slope mooring is located near Jewel Reef (GBRLSL).The other process being measured is the cross shelf movement of water onto the GBR shelf. As the outer ribbon reef is well defined in this area most of the exchange is confined to narrow reef passages and the entrance of Cormorant Passage has been occupied (GBRLSH).Central GBR - Palm Passage Moorings off TownsvilleThe set of moorings off Townsville are designed to measure the flow of water onto and across the GBR shelf. The channeling and more open reef matrix allows incursions of the warm surface waters of the East Australian Current but also intrusions of cold nutrient rich water that on occasion reach coastal waters. The slope mooring is located near Myrmidon Reef (GBRMYR) and the shelf mooring is in Palm Passage (GBRPPS).Southern GBR - Swains MooringsThe outer mooring is in deep water eastward of the main reef complex near Elusive Reef (GBRELR), the inner one is located in the Capricorn Channel (GBRCCH) where water that has travelled south through the GBR lagoon exits toward the southeast and has complex interactions with intrusions associated with the Capricorn Eddy, that is a recirculation of the East Australian Current.Southern GBR - Heron and One Tree Island MooringsIn the southern Capricorn region, the mooring pair is located around Heron Island with the mooring to the seaward side of One Tree Island (GBROTE) being located on the shelf break, while the one on the shelf south of Heron Island (GBRHIS) is on the outer shelf. The aim is to look at how the East Australian Current interacts with the outer shelf reefs and to better understand the complex intrusions and mixing processes occurring in this region. An additional mooring is located on the shelf to the north of Heron Island (GBRHIN).National Reference StationA National Reference Station mooring (NRSYON) is located near the Yongala Wreck near Cape Bowling Green in the central Great Barrier Reef. It is one of a network of 9 National Reference Stations. The Mooring array is part of the Australian Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS) Great Barrier Reef Ocean Observing System (GBROOS) node and a sub-facility of the Australian National Mooring Network (ANMN).

研究团队沿大堡礁（Great Barrier Reef, GBR）南北向布设了四组长期海洋观测潜标（oceanographic moorings）：每组长潜标中，一台部署于理论水深约200米（70~400米）的大陆架斜坡（continental shelf slope）处，另一台部署于水深30~70米的外大陆架复合体（outer continental shelf complex）区域。本观测阵列可通过监测向极运动的东澳流（East Australian Current）与向赤道方向流动的希里（Hiri）西边界流，实现对沿大堡礁流动及汇入大堡礁海域的水体的连续观测。

### 大堡礁北部——蜥蜴岛潜标阵列
位于蜥蜴岛周边北部海域的潜标阵列旨在监测两类核心海洋现象：其一为南赤道洋流（South Equatorial Current）西行抵达珊瑚礁后发生分叉形成的北向分支：该分叉将水流分为沿大堡礁外缘向北与向南流动的两股，而分叉点的纬度位置存在季节性变化，因此需对其变动特征开展持续监测。其中大陆架斜坡潜标部署于杰弗里礁（Jewel Reef）附近，编号为GBRLSL。
其二为水体跨陆架汇入大堡礁陆架的过程。该区域外缘的带状珊瑚礁边界清晰，多数水体交换均局限于狭窄的珊瑚礁通道内，其中鸬鹚水道（Cormorant Passage）入口处部署了潜标，编号为GBRLSH。

### 大堡礁中部——汤斯维尔外棕榈水道潜标阵列
汤斯维尔外海的潜标阵列旨在监测水体汇入及跨大堡礁陆架流动的过程。该区域存在水道化且更为开阔的珊瑚礁基质，既允许东澳流的暖表层水侵入，也会有富含营养盐的冷水体入侵，此类冷水体有时可抵达近岸海域。其中大陆架斜坡潜标部署于迈尔米登礁（Myrmidon Reef）附近，编号为GBRMYR；陆架潜标部署于棕榈水道内，编号为GBRPPS。

### 大堡礁南部——斯韦恩潜标阵列
外海潜标部署于主珊瑚礁复合体东侧的深水区域，靠近埃尔塞夫礁（Elusive Reef），编号为GBRELR；内侧潜标部署于摩羯座水道（Capricorn Channel）内，编号为GBRCCH：经大堡礁潟湖南下的水体在此向东南方向流出，并与摩羯座涡旋（Capricorn Eddy，即东澳流的再循环流）相关的入侵水体发生复杂的相互作用。

### 大堡礁南部——赫伦岛与一树岛潜标阵列
位于南部摩羯座海域的潜标阵列部署于赫伦岛（Heron Island）周边：其中部署于一树岛（One Tree Island）向海侧的潜标，编号为GBROTE，位于陆架坡折（shelf break）处；而赫伦岛南侧陆架上的潜标，编号为GBRHIS，则位于外陆架区域。本阵列旨在探究东澳流与外陆架珊瑚礁的相互作用机制，并加深对该区域复杂入侵与混合过程的理解。此外，赫伦岛北侧陆架上还额外部署了一台潜标，编号为GBRHIN。

#### 国家参考站
国家参考站潜标（编号NRSYON）部署于大堡礁中部鲍灵格林角（Cape Bowling Green）附近的永加拉沉船（Yongala Wreck）海域。该潜标是由9个国家参考站组成的观测网络成员之一。本潜标阵列隶属于澳大利亚综合海洋观测系统（Australian Integrated Marine Observing System, IMOS）下属的大堡礁海洋观测系统（Great Barrier Reef Ocean Observing System, GBROOS）节点，同时也是澳大利亚国家潜标网络（Australian National Mooring Network, ANMN）的子设施。