National Longitudinal Surveys of Labor Market Experience, 1966-1992

The primary purpose of the five sets of surveys that comprise the National Longitudinal Surveys is the collection of data on the labor force experience of specific age-sex groups of Americans: Older Men aged 45-59 in 1966, Mature Women aged 30-44 in 1967, Young Men aged 14-24 in 1966, Young Women aged 14-24 in 1968, and Youth aged 14-21 in 1979. Each of the 1960s cohorts has been surveyed 12 or more times over the years, and the Youth cohort has been surveyed yearly since 1979. The major topics covered within the surveys of each cohort include: (1) labor market experience variables (including labor force participation, unemployment, job history, and job mobility), (2) socioeconomic and human capital variables (including education, training, health and physical condition, marital and family characteristics, financial characteristics, and job attitudes), and (3) selected environmental variables (size of labor force and unemployment rates for local area). While the surveys of each cohort have collected data on the above core sets of variables, cohort-specific data have been gathered over the years focusing on the particular stage of labor market attachment that each group was experiencing. Thus, the surveys of young people have collected data on their educational goals, high school and college experiences, high school characteristics, and occupational aspirations and expectations, as well as military service. The surveys of women have gathered data on topics such as fertility, child care, responsibility for household tasks, care of parents, volunteer work, attitudes towards women working, and job discrimination. As the older-aged cohorts of men and women approached labor force withdrawal, surveys for these groups collected information on their retirement plans, health status, and pension benefits. Respondents within the 1979 Youth cohort have been the focus of a number of special surveys, including the collection of data on: (1) last secondary school attended, including transcript information and selected aptitude/intelligence scores, (2) test scores from the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB), (3) illegal activities participation including police contacts, and (4) alcohol use and substance abuse. Finally, the 1986 and 1988 surveys of the Youth cohort included the administration of a battery of cognitive-socioemotional assessments to the approximately 7,000 children of the female 1979 Youth respondents. Data for the five cohorts are provided within main file releases, i.e., Mature Women 1967-1989, Young Women 1968-1991, Young Men 1966-1981, Older Men 1966-1990, and NLSY (Youth) 1979-1992. In addition, the following specially constructed data files are available: (1) a file that specifies the relationships among members of the four original cohorts living in the same household at the time of the initial surveys, i.e., husband-wife, mother-daughter, brother-sister, etc., (2) an NLSY workhistory tape detailing the week-by-week labor force attachment of the youth respondents from 1978 through the most current survey date, (3) an NLSY child-mother file linking the child assessment data to other information on children and mothers within the NLSY, (4) a supplemental NLSY file of constructed and edited fertility variables, (5) a women's support network tape detailing the geographic proximity of the relatives, friends, and acquaintances of 6,308 female NLSY respondents who were interviewed during the 1983-1985 surveys, and (6) two 1989 Mature Women's pension file detailing information on pensions and other employer-provided benefits.

本数据集为美国全国纵向调查（National Longitudinal Surveys, NLS）所包含的五组调查项目，其核心目的为收集特定年龄-性别组美国人的劳动力市场经历数据，具体覆盖以下五类群体：1966年时年龄为45-59岁的老年男性、1967年时年龄为30-44岁的成熟女性、1966年时年龄为14-24岁的青年男性、1968年时年龄为14-24岁的青年女性，以及1979年启动调查的青少年群体。1960年代纳入的四个队列在后续多年间累计被调查12次及以上，而1979年启动的青少年队列自1979年起每年接受一次调查。

各队列的调查内容主要涵盖三大类核心变量：(1) 劳动力市场经历变量，包括劳动力参与、失业状况、工作经历与职业流动性；(2) 社会经济与人力资本变量，包括教育水平、培训经历、健康与身体状况、婚姻与家庭特征、财务状况以及工作态度；(3) 选定的环境变量，包括当地劳动力规模与失业率。

除上述核心变量外，各队列还针对其所处的特定劳动力依附阶段收集了队列专属数据。例如针对青年群体的调查收集了其教育目标、初高中就读经历、高中办学特征、职业抱负与预期以及兵役情况；针对女性群体的调查则收集了生育、育儿照料、家务职责、父母照料、志愿工作、女性就业态度以及职业歧视相关数据；针对老年队列的调查则在其临近退休阶段，收集了退休计划、健康状况以及养老金福利相关信息。

1979年青少年队列还开展了多项专项调查，数据收集内容包括：(1) 最后就读的中学信息，含成绩单数据与选定的能力/智力得分；(2) 武装部队职业能力倾向测验（Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery, ASVAB）得分；(3) 非法活动参与情况，包括警方接触记录；(4) 饮酒与药物滥用情况。

1986年与1988年的青少年队列调查还对1979年女性受访者的约7000名子女开展了认知-社会情感评估合集测试。

五组队列的官方主文件发布数据如下：1967-1989年成熟女性队列数据、1968-1991年青年女性队列数据、1966-1981年青年男性队列数据、1966-1990年老年男性队列数据，以及1979-1992年全国青年纵向调查（National Longitudinal Surveys of Youth, NLSY）（青少年队列）数据。

此外，还提供以下经专门构建的附加数据集文件：(1) 初始调查时同住一户的四个原始队列成员关系文件，涵盖夫妻、母女、兄弟姊妹等亲属关系；(2) NLSY工作历史数据集，详细记录1978年至今青少年受访者的周度劳动力依附情况；(3) NLSY母子关联数据集，将子女评估数据与NLSY中子女及母亲的其他相关信息进行关联；(4) 经构建与编辑的生育变量补充NLSY数据集；(5) 女性支持网络数据集，详细记录1983-1985年调查中受访的6308名女性NLSY受访者的亲属、朋友及熟人的地理邻近性情况；(6) 两份1989年成熟女性养老金数据集，详细记录养老金及其他雇主提供的福利信息。