Validity and reliability of a trigonometry-based method for the measurement of tooth movement on digital models
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ABSTRACT Objective: The objectives of the present study were to develop a method for longitudinally measuring tooth rotation, inclination and angulation on digital models, and to test the method validity and reliability. Methods: The initial and final planned models of 14 patients treated with Invisalign® (386 teeth) were exported from ClinCheck®. The rotation, inclination and angulation values were assessed for the incisors, canines, premolars and molars, in both models, using trigonometry. An application was developed in Python 2.7 to automate the measurements. The ∆planned (variation in the position between the initial and final planned models) was obtained for each tooth and each type of movement. To test the validity, the degree of agreement between the ∆planned and the values available in the Invisalign® Table of Movements was assessed using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman analysis. For intra and inter-rater reliabilities, the ∆planned was obtained again. Results: Excellent ICCs (> 0.9) and limits of agreement with narrow and clinically acceptable discrepancies were obtained for the rotation of all teeth (except maxillary canines, which had broader limits: -3.47 - 5.43) and for the inclination of premolars and molars. The inclination of anterior teeth and angulation of all teeth had ICCs and limits that were not indicative of great agreement. The reliability was high for the three movements (discrepancy
摘要 研究目的：本研究旨在开发一种可对数字化牙模进行纵向测量牙齿旋转、倾斜及角度的方法，并检验该方法的效度与信度。 研究方法：从ClinCheck®中导出14名接受隐适美（Invisalign®）治疗患者的初始与最终预设模型，共计386颗牙齿。采用三角测量法，对两类模型中的切牙、尖牙、前磨牙及磨牙的旋转、倾斜及角度值进行评估。使用Python 2.7开发一款应用程序以实现测量自动化。获取每颗牙齿各类移动的∆planned（初始与最终预设模型间的位置变化量）。为检验效度，采用组内相关系数（Intraclass Correlation Coefficient, ICC）与布兰德-奥特曼分析（Bland-Altman analysis），评估∆planned与隐适美（Invisalign®）运动参数表中的对应值之间的一致性程度。针对评分者内部信度与评分者间信度，再次获取∆planned。 研究结果：所有牙齿的旋转角度测量（上颌尖牙除外，其一致性界限范围较宽：-3.47~5.43）以及前磨牙与磨牙的倾斜度测量均获得了极佳的组内相关系数（>0.9），且一致性界限范围较窄，临床可接受。前牙倾斜度与所有牙齿的角度测量的组内相关系数及一致性界限均未体现出较高的一致性。三种移动测量的信度均较高（差异
