Effect of innovation capacity, production capacity and vertical specialization on innovation performance in China's electronic manufacturing: Analysis from the supply and demand sides

Manufacturing in China has developed rapidly with the widening and deepening of globalization, but only innovation can industry keep upgrading and enhancing its international competitiveness. This paper combines Global Value Chains (GVCs) and National Value Chains (NVCs) in a unified theory framework, uses Structural Decomposition Analysis (SDA) to explore how innovation capacity, production capacity, and vertical specialization affect innovation performance from the supply and demand sides by examining the case of Electronic Manufacturing of China. We observe that innovation inputs and outputs present strong regional heterogeneity between coastal and inland regions. Although most regions continue to engage in processing trade or assembly manufacturing in GVCs, NVCs are gradually established and led by coastal regions. The results indicate a good chance for cultivating innovation capacity in coastal regions. After assessing the influence of determinants on innovation performance, we observe that from supply-side, innovation capacity has a positive effect on innovation performance, production capacity in coastal regions is improving, and domestic demand for domestic products is increasingly important. From the demand side, innovation capacity continues to have a positive effect on innovation performance, production capacity improves rapidly, and imported intermediate inputs enhance innovation performance more effectively than domestic intermediate inputs.随着全球化的拓展与深化，中国制造业实现了快速发展，但唯有创新方能推动产业持续升级并提升其国际竞争力。本文将全球价值链（Global Value Chains, GVCs）与国内价值链（National Value Chains, NVCs）纳入统一理论框架，采用结构分解分析（Structural Decomposition Analysis, SDA），以中国电子制造业为案例，从供给与需求双维度探究创新能力、生产能力与垂直专业化如何影响创新绩效。研究发现，创新投入与产出在沿海与内陆地区间呈现显著的区域异质性。尽管多数地区仍深度嵌入全球价值链的加工贸易或组装制造环节，但国内价值链已逐步形成，并由沿海地区主导。研究结果表明，沿海地区具备培育创新能力的良好契机。在评估各影响因素对创新绩效的作用后，我们发现：从供给侧来看，创新能力对创新绩效具有正向促进作用，沿海地区的生产能力持续提升，国内对本土产品的需求愈发重要；从需求侧来看，创新能力仍对创新绩效发挥正向影响，生产能力快速提升，且进口中间投入品对创新绩效的提升效果优于国内中间投入品。