Turkish Cypriot paternal lineages bear an autochthonous character and closest resemblance to those from neighbouring Near Eastern populations

<b>Background:</b> Cyprus is an island in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea with a documented history of human settlements dating back over 10,000 years. <b>Aim:</b> To investigate the paternal lineages of a representative population from Cyprus in the context of the larger Near Eastern/Southeastern European genetic landscape. <b>Subjects and methods:</b> Three hundred and eighty samples from the second most populous ethnic group in Cyprus (Turkish Cypriots) were analysed at 17 Y-chromosomal short tandem repeat (Y-STR) loci. <b>Results:</b> A haplotype diversity of 0.9991 was observed, along with a number of allelic variants, multi-allelic patterns and a most frequent haplotype that have not previously been reported elsewhere. Pairwise genetic distance comparisons of the Turkish Cypriot Y-STR dataset and Y-chromosomal haplogroup distribution with those from Near East/Southeastern Europe both suggested a closer genetic connection with the Near Eastern populations. Median-joining network analyses of the most frequent haplogroups also revealed some evidence towards <i>in situ</i> radiation. <b>Conclusion:</b> Turkish Cypriot paternal lineages seem to bear an autochthonous character and closest genetic connection with the neighbouring Near Eastern populations. These observations are further underscored by the fact that the haplogroups associated with the spread of Neolithic Agricultural Revolution from the Fertile Crescent (E1b1b/J1/J2/G2a) dominate (&gt;70%) the Turkish Cypriot haplogroup distribution.

<b>背景：</b>塞浦路斯是地中海东部的岛屿，其有文字记载的人类定居历史可追溯至一万余年之前。
<b>研究目的：</b>在更广阔的近东/东南欧遗传图谱框架下，探究塞浦路斯代表性人群的父系谱系。
<b>研究对象与方法：</b>本研究针对塞浦路斯第二大族群土耳其裔塞浦路斯人（Turkish Cypriots）的380份样本，对17个Y染色体短串联重复序列（Y-chromosomal short tandem repeat，Y-STR）位点进行了分型分析。
<b>研究结果：</b>本研究观测到单倍型多样性为0.9991，同时发现了多种等位基因变异、多等位基因模式以及一种此前未在其他地区报道过的高频单倍型。将土耳其裔塞浦路斯人的Y-STR数据集与Y染色体单倍群分布情况，与近东、东南欧人群的对应数据进行两两遗传距离比对，两类结果均显示其与近东人群的遗传联系更为紧密。针对高频单倍群开展的中介连接网络（Median-joining network）分析，也揭示了其存在原位（in situ）辐射的相关证据。
<b>结论：</b>土耳其裔塞浦路斯人的父系谱系呈现出本土起源特征，且与邻近的近东人群存在最为紧密的遗传联系。与新月沃地新石器农业革命传播相关的单倍群（E1b1b/J1/J2/G2a）占土耳其裔塞浦路斯人单倍群分布的70%以上，这一结果进一步佐证了上述观测结论。