Analysis of data related to the characteristics of endogenous fungal communities in different habitats of Phaius petchii in Guizhou Province

Mycorrhizal fungi are essential for orchid seed germination and natural growth. This study isolated and analyzed endophytic fungal communities from the roots of Paphiopedilum barbigerum collected from two natural sites and one artificial cultivation site in Guizhou Province. The community features and differences of root endophytic fungi in P. barbigerum across sites were characterized to determine whether fungal communities exhibit preferential correlations with their habitats. In total, 49 species of endophytic fungi were identified. Community differences were distinct: (1) Maolan was dominated by seven Tulasnella sp.; (2) In Fuquan, the genus Fusarium had an absolute dominance with a total isolation frequency of 51.2%, additionally including Epulorhiza sp. and Tulasnella calospora; (3) The artificial greenhouse was solely dominated by Tulasnella. The community diversity and richness of the endophytic fungi did not differ significantly among natural provenances, while they were significantly reduced in artificial provenances. However, the community structure of endophytic fungi differed significantly among sampling sites, suggesting that the environmental characteristics of the growth sites affected the community composition of endophytic fungi colonizing the roots of P. barbigerum. The key strains identified lay a theoretical foundation for artificial propagation and population rejuvenation of rare Paphiopedilum in their native habitats, and offer practical guidance for symbiotic inoculant development.菌根真菌（Mycorrhizal fungi）对于兰花种子萌发与自然生长至关重要。本研究从贵州省两个原生境点位与一个人工栽培点位采集的带叶兜兰（Paphiopedilum barbigerum）根系中，分离并分析了内生真菌群落（endophytic fungal communities）。研究对不同生境下带叶兜兰根系内生真菌的群落特征与差异进行了表征，以明确真菌群落是否与其栖息环境存在偏好性关联。总计鉴定出49种内生真菌。群落差异特征显著：（1）茂兰点位以7种胶膜菌属（Tulasnella）真菌为优势类群；（2）福泉点位中镰孢菌属（Fusarium）占据绝对优势，分离总频率达51.2%，同时还包含埃伦菌属（Epulorhiza）真菌和美孢胶膜菌（Tulasnella calospora）；（3）人工温室点位仅以胶膜菌属为单一优势类群。天然种源的内生真菌群落多样性与丰富度无显著差异，而人工种源的群落多样性与丰富度则显著降低。不过，不同采样点位的内生真菌群落结构存在显著差异，表明生长生境的环境特征会影响定殖于带叶兜兰根系的内生真菌群落组成。本研究鉴定得到的关键菌株，为珍稀带叶兜兰在原生境下的人工繁育与种群复壮提供了理论基础，同时也为共生接种剂（symbiotic inoculant）的开发提供了实践指导。