Growth of sugar cane varieties under salinity

ABSTRACT Large salty areas in the Brazilian semi-arid region have limited farming in Northeastern Brazil. One example is the sugar cane cultivation, which reinforces the need of selecting varieties that are more tolerant to salinity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of salinity on growth of ten varieties of sugar cane. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, set in the experimental field of Embrapa Semiárido, in Petrolina, Pernambuco State. The experimental design was randomized blocks arranged in a 6 X 10 factorial arrangement, comprised of six levels of salinity (0, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0 and 8.0 dS m-1) and ten sugar cane varieties (VAT 90212; RB 72454; RB 867515; Q 124; RB 961003; RB 957508; SP791011; RB 835089; RB 92579 and SP 943206). Salt levels of irrigation water were obtained by adding NaCl, CaCl2.2H2O and MgSO4.7H2O to achieve an equivalent ratio among Na:Ca:Mg of 7:2:1. Sixty days later, plant height, stem diameter (base), number of leaves, stalks and sprouts, leaf area and fresh and dry mass of the aerial part and roots were all measured. The varieties of sugar cane showed similar responses for growth reduction as soil salinity increases, being considered moderately sensitive to salinity.

摘要 巴西半干旱区域内的大面积盐碱地块限制了巴西东北部的农业生产，其中甘蔗种植受影响尤为显著，凸显了筛选耐盐性更强品种的迫切需求。本研究旨在评估盐度对10个甘蔗品种生长的影响。实验于巴西农业研究公司半干旱研究所（Embrapa Semiárido）位于伯南布哥州佩特罗利纳的实验田温室中开展。实验采用随机区组设计，设置6×10的析因处理组合，包含6个盐度梯度（0、1.0、2.0、4.0、6.0和8.0 dS·m⁻¹）与10个甘蔗品种（VAT 90212、RB 72454、RB 867515、Q 124、RB 961003、RB 957508、SP791011、RB 835089、RB 92579、SP 943206）。灌溉水的盐度通过添加氯化钠、二水合氯化钙与七水合硫酸镁进行调配，使Na:Ca:Mg的当量比维持为7:2:1。培养60天后，测定了株高、基茎直径、叶片数、茎秆数、萌蘖数、叶面积，以及地上部与根系的鲜重和干重。结果表明，各甘蔗品种随土壤盐度升高的生长抑制响应趋势一致，均被认为对盐度表现为中度敏感。