Continuous Recording of Social Housing Lettings and Sales (CORE), 2007/08-2017/18: Secure Access

The CORE datasets contained in the study cover annual official statistics on new lettings of the stock owned by local authorities and private registered providers of social housing in England, as well as sales of the social stock owned by private registered providers. For each year, data is structured into five datasets, four based on type of letting (social rent general needs and supported needs, and affordable rent general needs and supported needs) and one based on sales by private registered providers. All datasets are based on administrative data collected via the <i>COntinuous REcording of Lettings and Sales</i> (CORE) system. It is a regulatory requirement for providers registered with the Homes and Communities Agency to supply the data. For those who are not registered, submissions are voluntary. Local authorities have participated in CORE since 2004-5 on a voluntary basis. In the first year, only 24% of stock-holding local authorities participated, but the number of authorities participating has steadily increased, with all authorities submitting some data for 2013-14. Weighting is applied to adjust for non-response by local authorities for social rent datasets and imputation is also carried out to address item level non-response of key data on tenant characteristic, for both local authorities and private registered providers. The three datasets for affordable rent and sales are not weighted or imputed.<br> <br> The collection of social housing lettings and sales data allows for a better understanding of the socio-economic and demographic make-up of affordable housing customers by tenure and of local housing markets and affordable housing products. These data are used by central government to inform national housing policy and by local government to inform their Strategic Housing Market Assessments. The data are also used by academics, researchers, charities and the wider public to understand social housing issues. <br> <br> Further information may be found on the GOV.UK <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/rents-lettings-and-tenancies" title="Social housing lettings">Social housing lettings</a> and <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/social-housing-sales-including-right-to-buy-and-transfers" title="Social housing sales">Social housing sales</a> webpages.<br> <br> <b>End User Licence, Special Licence and Secure Access datasets</b><br> The CORE datasets are available at three access levels, depending on the level of detail in the data. <ul><li>For the standard End User Licence (EUL) version (SN 7603) the geographic level of the data is set at Government Office Region (GOR). Letting and voiding dates are provided at month and year only; age variables are top-coded at 90 years; income, benefits, earnings, charge and shortfall variables are banded to disguise unique values; landlords are grouped into coded categories.</li><li>For the Special Licence access (SL) version (SN 7604), the geographic level is set at Local Authority. The SL data have more restrictive access conditions than those made available under the standard EUL. Prospective users of the SL version will need to complete an extra application form and demonstrate to the data owners exactly why they need access to the additional variables in order to get permission to use that version. </li><li>For Secure Access (this study, SN 7686) the full CORE datasets are available, with some key variables recoded. Prospective users of the Secure Access version will need to fulfil additional requirements, including completion of face-to-face training and agreement to further stringent access conditions.</li></ul>For the seventh edition (October 2019), the data and documentation covering 2017-18 have been deposited.<br> <br>

本研究涉及的CORE数据集，源自**持续租赁与销售记录（Continuous Recording of Lettings and Sales，简称CORE）**系统，涵盖英格兰地方当局及私人注册社会住房提供商所持存量住房的新增租赁年度官方统计数据，以及私人注册提供商所持社会住房存量的销售数据。按年度划分，该数据集体系共包含5个子数据集：其中4个子数据集按租赁类型分类（社会租赁一般需求类、社会租赁支持需求类、经济适用租赁一般需求类、经济适用租赁支持需求类），剩余1个子数据集为私人注册提供商的社会住房销售数据。所有子数据集均基于通过CORE系统采集的行政数据。

已在房屋与社区署（Homes and Communities Agency）注册的提供商须依规提交数据，未注册的提供商则可自愿提交。地方当局自2004-2005财年起自愿参与CORE系统的数据报送。首年仅24%持有存量住房的地方当局参与，但参与率稳步提升，至2013-2014财年所有地方当局均提交了相关数据。

针对社会租赁类数据集，已通过加权处理弥补地方当局的无应答偏差；同时针对地方当局与私人注册提供商的租户特征核心数据条目级无应答情况，均采用插补法完善数据。而经济适用租赁类3个子数据集与销售类数据集未进行加权处理与插补操作。

社会住房租赁与销售数据的采集，有助于按住房保有形式解析经济适用住房租户的社会经济与人口结构特征，同时助力对地方住房市场及经济适用住房产品的深入研判。中央政府可依托该数据制定全国性住房政策，地方政府则将其用于战略住房市场评估；此外，学术界、研究人员、慈善机构及广大公众也可借助该数据开展社会住房相关议题的研究。

更多相关信息可查阅英国政府官网（GOV.UK）的<a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/rents-lettings-and-tenancies" title="社会住房租赁">社会住房租赁</a>与<a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/social-housing-sales-including-right-to-buy-and-transfers" title="社会住房销售">社会住房销售</a>专题页面。

<b>最终用户许可、特殊许可与安全访问数据集</b>

CORE数据集根据数据详细程度分为三类访问权限级别：
1. 标准最终用户许可（End User Licence, EUL）版本（编号SN 7603）：数据的地理统计层级设定为政府办公区（Government Office Region, GOR）；仅提供租赁与空置日期的年月信息；年龄变量以90岁为上限进行封顶编码；收入、福利、薪资、费用及差额变量均进行分箱处理，以避免唯一值泄露；房东信息将被归类至编码组别中。
2. 特殊许可（Special Licence, SL）访问版本（编号SN 7604）：数据的地理统计层级设定为地方当局层级。该版本的访问限制相较于标准EUL版本更为严格，潜在使用者需额外填写申请表，并向数据权属方详细说明需要获取额外变量的理由，方可获得该版本的使用权限。
3. 安全访问（Secure Access）版本（本研究对应编号SN 7686）：可获取完整的CORE数据集，仅对部分核心变量进行重新编码。该版本的潜在使用者需满足额外要求，包括完成面对面培训，并同意更为严苛的访问使用条款。

2019年10月发布的第7版数据，已包含2017-2018财年的相关数据与文档资料。