Associated data for Repeated Measures Surveys

People act in ways that align with the values and roles that constitute their identity. However, the consistency of idenity’s influence across different behaviours, and whether identity influences behaviours directly or indirectly via intention, self-determined motivation, or habit, remains uncertain. Participants (N=98; Mage=30.4years, SD=11.7years) completed up to 12 weekly surveys, self-reporting engagement in physical activity, student, and support seeking behaviours, and behaviour-associated identity, intention strength, self-determined motivation, and habit. Stepwise multilevel models tested the between- and within-person associations of identity with behaviour, and whether the relationships remained after accounting for intention, self-determined motivation, and habit. Results suggested identity as stable, with most variability at the between-person level. Identity was associated with behaviour at both within- and between-person levels, with exception that support seeking and identity were only associated between-person. For student behaviour and physical activity, the identity-behaviour relationship at the within-person level waned and became non-significant after accounting for intention, but not self-determined motivation or habit. These findings highlight that identity may be difficult to change. However, as identity was associated with a range of behaviours, a person’s identification with a behaviour may be valuable for tailoring behaviour change interventions, specifically through or in the same way as behavioural intentions.

人们的行为会契合构成其身份认同（identity）的价值观与角色。然而，身份认同对不同行为的影响是否具有一致性，以及身份认同是直接影响行为，还是通过意图、自我决定动机（self-determined motivation）或习惯间接影响行为，目前尚无定论。本研究共纳入98名参与者（平均年龄M=30.4岁，标准差SD=11.7岁），参与者需完成至多12次周度追踪调查，自我报告其体育活动、学生身份相关行为与求助行为的参与情况，并填写与上述行为相关的身份认同、意图强度、自我决定动机及习惯相关量表。本研究采用逐步多层模型，检验身份认同与行为在人际间（between-person）及人际内（within-person）层面的关联，并验证在控制意图、自我决定动机与习惯的干扰后，二者的关联是否依然显著。研究结果显示，身份认同具有稳定性，其变异大多来源于人际间层面的差异。身份认同与行为在人际间及人际内层面均存在关联，唯有求助行为与身份认同的关联仅存在于人际间层面。针对学生身份相关行为与体育活动，在控制意图的影响后，人际内层面的身份-行为关联会减弱且变得不再显著，但在控制自我决定动机或习惯后，该关联并未出现此类变化。上述研究结果表明，身份认同或许难以改变。不过，由于身份认同与多种行为均存在关联，个体对某一行为的身份认同或许可用于定制行为改变干预方案，尤其可通过行为意图路径，或以与行为意图相似的方式发挥作用。