Federal Justice Statistics Program: Defendants in Federal Criminal Cases Filed in District Court, 2005 [United States]

The data contain records of defendants in criminal cases filed in United States District Court during fiscal year 2005. The data were constructed from the Administrative Office of the United States District Courts' (AOUSC) criminal file. Defendants in criminal cases may be either individuals or corporations. There is one record for each defendant in each case filed. Included in the records are data from court proceedings and offense codes for up to five offenses charged at the time the case was filed. (The most serious charge at termination may differ from the most serious charge at case filing, due to plea bargaining or action of the judge or jury.) In a case with multiple charges against the defendant, a "most serious" offense charge is determined by a hierarchy of offenses based on statutory maximum penalties associated with the charges. The data file contains variables from the original AOUSC files as well as additional analysis variables, or "SAF variables," that denote subsets of the data. These SAF variables are related to statistics reported in the Compendium of Federal Justice Statistics, Tables 4.1-4.5 and 5.1-5.6. Variables containing information (e.g., name, Social Security number) were replaced with blanks, and the day portions of date fields were also sanitized in order to protect the identities of individuals. These data are part of a series designed by the Urban Institute (Washington, DC) and the Bureau of Justice Statistics. Data and documentation were prepared by the Urban Institute.

本数据集收录了2005财年美国联邦地区法院提起的刑事案件被告人的相关记录。本数据集的数据源自美国联邦地区法院行政办公室（Administrative Office of the United States District Courts，简称AOUSC）的刑事案件档案。刑事案件的被告人既可以是自然人，也可以是法人。每一起提起的案件中的每位被告人对应一条记录。记录中包含案件提起时所指控的最多五项罪名的法庭程序数据与罪名代码。（由于辩诉交易、法官或陪审团的裁决，案件审结时的最严重指控可能与案件提起时的最严重指控有所不同。）若一起案件中存在多项针对被告人的指控，“最严重”罪名指控将依据各项指控所关联的法定最高刑等级体系进行判定。数据文件既包含AOUSC原始档案中的变量，同时也包含额外分析变量，即SAF变量（SAF variables），用于标记数据集的子集。这些SAF变量与《联邦司法统计纲要（Compendium of Federal Justice Statistics）》中表4.1-4.5及5.1-5.6所刊载的统计数据相关。包含个人身份信息（如姓名、社会保障号码）的变量已被替换为空值，同时日期字段的日期部分也已做脱敏处理，以保护个人身份。本数据集是城市研究所（Urban Institute，华盛顿特区）与美国司法统计局联合设计的系列数据之一。数据与文档均由城市研究所整理编制。