Semen quality characteristics of Koekoek breeder cocks influenced by supplemental inclusion levels of onion and garlic mixture at 35-41 weeks of age

ABSTRACT An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of varying dietary supplemental inclusion levels of onion and garlic mixture on semen quality characteristics of Koekoek breeder cocks aged 35-41 weeks. The experimental diets were isocaloric and isonitrogenous but with different supplemental inclusion levels of onion and garlic. A complete randomized design was used for the experiment. The three dietary supplemental levels based on garlic and onion supplemental inclusion levels were Q0 (0 g onion and 0 g garlic per 600 g DM feed), Q1 (2.5 g onion and 2.5 g garlic per 600 g DM feed), and Q2 (5 g onion and 5 g garlic per 600 g DM feed) with each treatment having three replicates. A quadratic type equation was used to determine the onion and garlic levels for optimum semen quality characteristics. Daily supplementation with 5 g onion and 5 g garlic per 600 g DM feed increased progressive motile cells (%), actual life sperm count (×106/nl), and live sperm (%) by 221.20%, 301.51%, and 352.43%, while 2.5 g onion and 2.5 g garlic per 600 g DM feed reduced them by 28.67%, 12.69%, and 19.00%, respectively. However, daily supplementation with 2.5 g onion and 2.5 g garlic per 600 g DM feed increased sperm count (×106/nl) by 12.82%, whereas daily supplementation with 5 g onion and 5 g garlic per 600 g DM feed reduced it by 10.26% in Koekoek breeder cocks. Dietary onion and garlic supplemental inclusion levels of 3.009, 3.191, 4.621, 6.601, 6.719, 2.327, 2.385, and 2.247 g per 600 g DM feed supported optimum progressive motile cells (%), immotile sperm cells (%), actual dead sperm count (×106/nl), actual live sperm count (×106/nl), live sperm (%), acrosome morphology defects (%), acrosome detachment (%), and acrosome swelling (%), with probability values ranging from 0.003 to 0.783, whereas minimum progressive motile cells (%) increase was achieved at an optimum onion and garlic supplementation levels of 3.009 g per 600 g DM feed. These findings have a lot of implications on the use of supplemental onion and garlic inclusion levels to enhance reproductive efficiency in Koekoek breeder cocks.

摘要 本试验旨在探究不同添加水平的洋葱大蒜复合日粮对35~41周龄科库克（Koekoek）种公鸡精液品质性状的影响。试验日粮均为等能等氮日粮，仅洋葱大蒜复合添加物的添加水平存在差异。本试验采用完全随机试验设计方案，基于洋葱大蒜添加水平设置3个日粮处理组：Q0组（每600克干物质（Dry Matter, DM）饲料添加0克洋葱与0克大蒜）、Q1组（每600克干物质饲料添加2.5克洋葱与2.5克大蒜）、Q2组（每600克干物质饲料添加5克洋葱与5克大蒜），每组设置3个试验重复。本研究采用二次回归方程拟合，以确定对应最优精液品质性状的洋葱大蒜添加水平。每600克干物质饲料每日添加5克洋葱与5克大蒜时，前进运动精子占比（%）、有效活精子数（×10⁶/纳升）及活精子率（%）分别提升221.20%、301.51%与352.43%；而每600克干物质饲料每日添加2.5克洋葱与2.5克大蒜时，上述指标分别降低28.67%、12.69%与19.00%。但对于科库克种公鸡而言，每600克干物质饲料每日添加2.5克洋葱与2.5克大蒜可使总精子数（×10⁶/纳升）提升12.82%，而每日添加5克洋葱与5克大蒜则使其降低10.26%。每600克干物质饲料添加3.009、3.191、4.621、6.601、6.719、2.327、2.385及2.247克洋葱大蒜复合添加物时，可使前进运动精子占比（%）、不动精子细胞占比（%）、有效死精子数（×10⁶/纳升）、有效活精子数（×10⁶/纳升）、活精子率（%）、顶体形态缺陷率（%）、顶体脱落率（%）及顶体肿胀率（%）达到最优，其概率值（P值）区间为0.003~0.783；其中当添加水平为3.009克/600克干物质饲料时，前进运动精子占比的提升幅度达到最小最优值。本试验结果可为通过调控洋葱大蒜日粮添加水平提升科库克种公鸡繁殖效率提供理论参考依据。