Paddington (Crossrail XSD10)

In September 2012 Oxford Archaeology/Ramboll (OAR) carried out an archaeological field evaluation in Eastbourne Terrace, Paddington, City of Westminster, London W2. The fieldwork was undertaken on behalf of Crossrail Ltd during works related to the expansion of the present Paddington Station to incorporate a new ticket hall, platforms and entrance for the Crossrail Line. The evaluation, consisting of two machine dug test pits, identified substantial made ground deposits with evidence for a Holocene tufa deposit. This report details archaeological work undertaken by Oxford Archaeology/Ramboll during 2014 in connection with Crossrail works at Paddington New Yard, City of Westminster, London W9. The site lies just to the west of the newly constructed western portal for the Crossrail tunnels (Royal Oak Portal). The archaeological works comprised a mixture of trial trenching, and Targeted and General Watching Briefs. These took place during the construction of an elevated bus deck for the Westbourne Park bus garage and concrete batching plant as well as track realignment, and drainage for the Crossrail tunnel approaches. The well-preserved below ground remains of a number of structures were uncovered and recorded during the project. These included brick-built turntable pits, the walls of engine sheds and below-ground inspection pits, as well as sections of the Marcon Sewer. All of the remains related either to the Great Western Railway's locomotive department workshops and stabling sheds which were present on the site from c.1853 to 1907, or subsequent developments of the site by the GWR and their successor bodies. These remains can be reasonably well-dated by documentary and cartographic sources. The depot, which was designed by the Great Western Railway's Chief Engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel and his Locomotive Superintendent Daniel Gooch, was an important component of, what was at the time, one of the most innovative railways in the world. The national and international significance of the Paddington to Bristol section of the Great Western Railway is shown by the fact that it was considered for UNESCO World Heritage Site status in 2000. Watching Brief - During 2010 and 2011, Oxford Archaeology, in partnership with Ramboll (OA Ramboll, Crossrail contract C254) undertook a programme of watching brief at Paddington Station London, on behalf of Crossrail.

2012年9月，牛津考古/伦拜集团（Oxford Archaeology/Ramboll, OAR）在伦敦威斯敏斯特市帕丁顿的伊斯特本露台（Eastbourne Terrace）W2区域开展了考古田野勘探工作。本次田野作业受伦敦横贯铁路有限公司（Crossrail Ltd）委托，实施于现有帕丁顿车站扩建工程期间，该扩建工程旨在为横贯铁路线路增设全新的售票大厅、站台及出入口。本次勘探共设置2个机械挖掘试坑（machine dug test pits），探明了厚度可观的人工堆积地层，同时发现了全新世钙华沉积（Holocene tufa deposit）的相关证据。
本报告详述了2014年牛津考古/伦拜集团受雇于横贯铁路帕丁顿新场站（Paddington New Yard，伦敦威斯敏斯特市W9区域）工程所开展的考古工作。该场地紧邻新建的横贯铁路隧道西出入口（皇家橡树出入口）西侧。本次考古工作涵盖试槽开挖、针对性监测简报（Targeted Watching Brief）与一般性监测简报（General Watching Brief）三类作业，实施于西本帕克公交车库高架公交平台、混凝土拌合站建设，以及横贯铁路隧道引道的轨道调整与排水工程期间。
项目期间揭露并记录了多处保存完好的地下建筑遗存，包括砖砌转盘坑、机车库墙体、地下检修坑，以及马尔孔下水道（Marcon Sewer）的部分区段。所有遗存均可追溯至1853年至1907年间坐落于此的大西部铁路（Great Western Railway）机车车间及停放棚，或是大西部铁路及其后续运营主体对场地的后续开发遗存。上述遗存可通过文献与地图资料进行较为精准的断代。
该机务段由大西部铁路首席工程师伊桑巴德·金德姆·布鲁内尔（Isambard Kingdom Brunel）及其机车主管丹尼尔·古奇（Daniel Gooch）设计，曾是当时全球最具创新性的铁路系统之一的核心组成部分。大西部铁路帕丁顿至布里斯托尔区段曾于2000年被纳入联合国教科文组织（UNESCO）世界遗产候选名录，足见其在国家与国际层面的重要意义。
监测简报（Watching Brief）——2010年至2011年间，牛津考古与伦拜集团合作（OA Ramboll，横贯铁路合同编号C254）受横贯铁路委托，在伦敦帕丁顿车站开展了一系列监测简报工作。