Data Description "Who Benefits and Loses from Making Top Schools Less Selective? Evidence From a Large Change in Student Composition in Indonesian Schools"

We study an admission policy change that made public junior secondary schools less selective in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The primary admission criterion for these schools changed from an exam score ranking to a neighborhood-to-school distance ranking. The reform gave many low-achieving students access to top public schools, and displaced many high-achieving students to lower-quality private schools. We compare test score value-added of two otherwise similar student cohorts admitted before and after the policy change. We combine test score and survey data with administrative data from the Yogyakarta education agency on grade 6 exam scores, public school admissions, participation in a poverty assistance program called Kartu Menuju Sejahtera (KMS) and house location. The grade 6 exam is called Ujian Akhir Sekolah Daerah or UASDA. The SMERU Research Institute administered a student learning assessment in mathematics and Indonesian for this study in grades 7 and 8 in 2019 and 2020. The sample covers all 16 public junior secondary schools and 30 out of 41 private schools in Yogyakarta. We used stratified random sampling based on four geographical strata to create a sample representative of all private junior secondary schools in Yogyakarta. In addition to testing data, SMERU collected survey data from students, teachers, and school principals in 2019 and 2020.本研究聚焦印度尼西亚日惹市的公立初中入学政策变革，该政策降低了当地公立初中的选拔性。此类学校的核心入学选拔标准从考试分数排名调整为家庭住址与学校的距离排名。本次改革使大量学业表现欠佳的学生得以进入顶尖公立初中，同时也迫使诸多成绩优异的学生转而就读办学质量较低的私立初中。本研究对比了政策变革前后两批其他条件相仿的学生队列的考试分数增值情况。研究团队整合了考试分数、调研数据，以及日惹市教育局提供的行政数据，涵盖六年级考试分数、公立初中入学信息、名为Kartu Menuju Sejahtera（KMS）的贫困救助计划参与情况及学生家庭住址信息。当地六年级统一考试名为Ujian Akhir Sekolah Daerah（简称UASDA）。2019年与2020年，SMERU研究所为本研究针对日惹市七年级、八年级学生开展了数学与印尼语学科的学习能力测评。本次研究样本覆盖日惹市全部16所公立初中，以及41所私立初中中的30所。研究团队基于四大地理分层开展分层随机抽样，构建出能够代表日惹市全部私立初中的样本群体。除测评数据外，SMERU研究所还于2019年与2020年收集了学生、教师及学校校长的调研数据。