BIOL2050 lab 2 sample datasheets.xlsx

<b>Meta Data:</b> 1) Diameter of the Adult Tree: The Adult tree was set to be a tree that has a diameter larger than 50 cm. The data was collected in the unit of cm. For measuring the diameter of the tree, we did not go all the way around the tree trunk but measured the length of half of the trunk and recorded that as the diameter.<br>2) Diameter of the Sapling: The sapling was set to be a tree that has a diameter of less than 10 cm. like we did with the adult tree, the data was measured in cm and was collected by measuring half of the length of the tree trunk. 3) Percentage Coverage: For this data, we used our hands to make a square and held it up to the tree, and estimated how much of that square is filled with the tree leaves. This data was collected as an educated guess and therefore is less reliable than the rest of the data set.<br>4) Distance between the adult and the sapling trees: This data was collected, using a measuring tape (with the capacity of 30 meter), and putting it down on the ground, measured the distance between the adult tree and the sapling. the data was then recorded in cm.<br>This dataset was recorded at the Danby grassland/woodland, near York University, on Wednesday September 21h 2016. The approximate time of the recording was at 4:00 pm. The day was sunny and warm, with some clouds visible through the canopy of trees. Even though the temperature was 26 degree celsius, in the wood, the temperature felt lower and the air was cooler. There was good lighting in the wood, so that all the plants and trees were easily spotted. We measured the diameter of the adult tree (adult tree set to be a tree with diameter more than 50), the sapling (set to be one with the diameter of less than 10), the distance between adult and the sapling and the % coverage of leaves on the adult tree. The data was measured in cm. <br>Material &amp; Methods: <br>The data was collected at the Danby grassland/woodland near York University, at September 21t 2016. The day was sunny and with few clouds visible and the temperature was at 26 degree celsius. The lighting was good in the wood so that the plants were easily spotted. We collected the data about the diameter of the adult tree (the adult tree was set to be a tree with diameter more than 50 cm), the diameter of the sapling (which we set to be a tree with a diameter of less than 10 cm), the distance between the adult and the sapling tree (in cm, measured by putting the measuring tape on the ground between those two and read the number using our eyes, same for all the other measurements). We also collected data about the % coverage of the leaves of the adult tree. This was done by putting our fingers together to form a square and then put it up to the sky and estimate (take an educated guess) how much of the space of that square is filled with leaves. Since this data is collected by estimating, it can be said to be less reliable than the rest of our data set, as there are more room for error and the estimation can be different form person to person. The diameter of both adult and sapling trees were collected by measuring half of the length of the tree trunk, instead of going all the way around the whole tree trunk. Hypothesis: <br>We hypothesized that the more closer the sapling is to the adult tree, the smaller it's diameter would be. And also the higher the percentage coverage of the adult tree, the smaller the diameter of the sapling, because the more leaves that the adult tree has and the closer the sapling is to that tree, the more sunlight will be cut off for that sapling. The sunlight that is required for it's growth.<br>Predictions:<br>1) saplings that are near the adult trees with large trunk, would be smaller in diameter.<br>2) The more leaves the adult tree has, the smaller the sapling near it would be.<br><br><br>

**元数据：**
1) 成年树胸径：本次将成年树定义为胸径大于50厘米的树木，测量单位为厘米。胸径测量方式并非绕树干一周测量周长，而是测量树干半周长的长度，并将其记为胸径。
2) 幼树胸径：本次将幼树定义为胸径小于10厘米的树木，测量单位与成年树一致，均为厘米；测量方式亦与成年树相同，即测量树干半周长的长度并记为胸径。
3) 叶片覆盖率百分比：该指标通过并拢手指组成正方形框，将框举至林间以估算框内叶片所占的空间比例得到。由于该数据为主观估算所得，因此可靠性低于数据集内其他指标。
4) 成年树与幼树间距：使用量程为30米的卷尺沿地面铺设，测量成年树与幼树之间的距离，测量结果以厘米为单位记录。

本数据集采集于2016年9月21日周三，地点为约克大学附近的丹比草原/林地，采集时间约为下午4:00。当日天气晴朗温暖，林间树冠间隙可见少量云朵。尽管环境温度为26摄氏度，但林地内体感温度更低、空气更为凉爽。林间光照充足，便于识别各类植物与树木。本次采集测量了成年树（胸径大于50厘米）、幼树（胸径小于10厘米）的胸径，成年树与幼树的间距，以及成年树的叶片覆盖率百分比，所有测量指标的单位均为厘米。

**材料与方法：**
本数据集采集于2016年9月21日约克大学附近的丹比草原/林地，当日天气晴朗、云量稀少，环境温度为26摄氏度，林间光照充足，便于识别各类植物。本次采集的指标包括：成年树（定义为胸径大于50厘米）的胸径、幼树（定义为胸径小于10厘米）的胸径、成年树与幼树的间距（单位为厘米，通过沿地面铺设卷尺读取刻度完成，所有测量均采用此方式），以及成年树的叶片覆盖率百分比。叶片覆盖率百分比的测量方式为：并拢手指组成正方形框，将框举至空中，主观估算框内叶片覆盖的空间比例。由于该数据为估算所得，存在一定误差空间且不同观测者的估算结果可能存在差异，因此其可靠性低于数据集内其他指标。成年树与幼树的胸径均通过测量树干半周长的长度，而非完整树干周长来获取。

**研究假设：**
我们提出如下假设：幼树与成年树的间距越近，幼树的胸径越小；且成年树的叶片覆盖率越高，幼树的胸径越小。其核心逻辑为：成年树的叶片越多、幼树与成年树的间距越近，对幼树生长所需的太阳光遮挡就越多，进而抑制幼树的生长。

**研究预测：**
1) 与胸径较大的成年树相邻的幼树，其胸径更小。
2) 成年树的叶片越繁茂，其附近的幼树胸径越小。