CLASSIFYING LEGAL TEXTS IN CONTEMPORARY DISCOURSE: A FUNCTIONAL-PRAGMATIC APPROACH

The article addresses the problem of classifying legal texts as basic constructs of legal discourse. Due to the multidimensional and institutional nature of legal communication, modern linguistics lacks a single universal typology of legal documents. The study provides an analytical review of key approaches to the classification of legal texts: from the structural-functional models of the Western school (V. Bhatia, R. Hiltunen) to pragmatic concepts (L. Solan). The aim of the work is to systematize the existing criteria for identifying genres of legal discourse to optimize their analysis within the framework of linguistic, pedagogical, and translation studies. Special attention is paid to distinguishing between the prescriptive and descriptive functions of the language of law.