Testing the effects of scale on benthic habitat modelling in the South-west Corner Marine Park (NESP MaC 2.3)

This dataset presents the results of a seafloor habitat modeling exercise for the 'Capes region' of the South-west Corner Marine Park, southern WA. The model classifies five broad habitat types (hereafter 'ecosystem components'): seagrass, macroalgae, sessile invertebrates, bare consolidated substrata, and bare unconsolidated substrata. Modeling was conducted at two spatial scales to assess the effectiveness of using broad-scale (~250 m) spatial covariates derived from bathymetry in mapping habitat classes and to compare the modelling outcomes with those obtained using finer-resolution input data.The fine-scale mapping focused on an IUCN II zone near Margaret River, using a seamless 5 m resolution multibeam bathymetry composite. The broad-scale mapping covered multiple IUCN zones, including the southwestern Geographe Australian Marine Park (AMP), the northwestern tip of the South-west Corner AMP, and the Ngari Capes WA State Marine Park. This component used the 250 m resolution 2023 AusBathyTopo grid from Geoscience Australia.Habitat maps were constructed using(1) the bathymetry data sources described above;(2) ground-truthing observations from stereo-BRUV and BOSS camera systems; and(3) Physical covariates, all smoothed to 5 m or 250 m resolution, for the fine- and broad-scale mapping, respectively.Source datasets are available from:• Geoscience Australia's eCat: https://dx.doi.org/10.26186/145281 (5 m multibeam bathymetry) and https://doi.org/10.26186/148758 (250 m DEM bathymetry)• Squidle+: http://squidle.org/geodata/explore (benthic imagery annotations - see also outputs from NESP MaC Project 2.4: https://doi.org/10.25959/6G5A-3G03)• AODN Portal: https://portal.aodn.org.au/search (IMOS oceanographic datasets).This analysis uses the modelling methodology developed in NESP Project 2.1, which extended the ecosystem component modelling to include all temperate Australian shelf waters at a resolution of 250 m (https://doi.org/10.25959/BVJ7-D984). Analysing the scale effects effects of spatial covarariate inputs was undertaken by NESP Project 2.3, along with exploration of visualisation options regarding prediction certainty in consultation with Parks Australia (management end-users). Further details on sampling design for ground-truthing observations and the modelling techniques are available in the NESP MaC Project 2.1 Final Report: https://www.nespmarinecoastal.edu.au/publication/improving-seabed-habitat-predictions-for-southern-australia. A description on this specific South-west Corner case study and the spatial scale analysis is described in the NESP MaC Project 2.3 Final Report: https://www.nespmarinecoastal.edu.au/publication/improving-knowledge-transfer-to-support-australian-marine-park-decision-making-and-management-effectiveness-evaluation.A selection of mapping (WMS) services are listed in the 'Downloads & Links' section of this record. See the 'Lineage' section for a full description of the data packages available for download, and for more visualisation options.

本数据集展示了西澳大利亚州南部西南角海洋公园（South-west Corner Marine Park）“岬角区域”的海底栖息地建模研究成果。该模型将栖息地划分为五大宽泛类型（下文简称“生态系统组分”）：海草、大型藻类、固着无脊椎动物、裸露固结基质以及裸露未固结基质。
本次建模采用两种空间尺度开展，旨在评估利用源自水深地形数据的大尺度（约250米）空间协变量进行栖息地分类填图的有效性，并对比使用更高分辨率输入数据所得到的建模结果。
高分辨率填图聚焦于玛格丽特河附近的世界自然保护联盟（International Union for Conservation of Nature, IUCN）II类保护区，采用了分辨率为5米的无缝多波束水深地形合成数据。
大尺度填图覆盖了多个IUCN保护区，包括西南方向的乔治澳大利亚海洋公园（Geographe Australian Marine Park, AMP）、西南角海洋公园的西北端，以及恩加里岬角西澳大利亚州立海洋公园（Ngari Capes WA State Marine Park）。该部分建模使用了澳大利亚地球科学局（Geoscience Australia）发布的2023版250米分辨率AusBathyTopo网格数据。
栖息地填图基于以下三项内容构建：(1) 上述提及的水深地形数据源；(2) 来自立体诱饵式水下远程摄像系统（stereo-BRUV）与BOSS摄像系统的地面验证观测数据；(3) 分别匹配高分辨率和大尺度填图需求、经平滑至5米或250米分辨率的物理协变量。
源数据集可从以下途径获取：
• 澳大利亚地球科学局eCat平台：https://dx.doi.org/10.26186/145281（5米多波束水深地形数据）及https://doi.org/10.26186/148758（250米数字高程模型（DEM）水深地形数据）
• Squidle+平台：http://squidle.org/geodata/explore（底栖图像标注数据——亦可参考NESP MaC项目2.4的产出成果：https://doi.org/10.25959/6G5A-3G03）
• 澳大利亚海洋数据网络门户（Australian Ocean Data Network Portal, AODN Portal）：https://portal.aodn.org.au/search（海洋综合观测系统（Integrated Marine Observing System, IMOS）海洋学数据集）
本分析采用了NESP项目2.1中开发的建模方法，该方法将生态系统组分建模范围扩展至澳大利亚所有温带陆架海域，分辨率为250米（https://doi.org/10.25959/BVJ7-D984）。针对空间协变量输入的尺度效应分析由NESP项目2.3完成，同时该项目还与澳大利亚公园管理局（Parks Australia，管理终端用户）合作探索了预测不确定性的可视化方案。
关于地面验证观测的采样设计与建模技术的更多细节，可参阅NESP MaC项目2.1最终报告：https://www.nespmarinecoastal.edu.au/publication/improving-seabed-habitat-predictions-for-southern-australia。本西南角案例研究及空间尺度分析的相关描述详见NESP MaC项目2.3最终报告：https://www.nespmarinecoastal.edu.au/publication/improving-knowledge-transfer-to-support-australian-marine-park-decision-making-and-management-effectiveness-evaluation。
本数据集记录的“下载与链接（Downloads & Links）”板块列出了若干Web地图服务（WMS）。如需了解可下载的数据包完整说明及更多可视化选项，请参阅“数据谱系（Lineage）”板块。