Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2012 - St. Lucia

Abstract
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The Saint Lucia Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) is a nationally representative household survey developed under the guidance of the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) to provide internationally comparable and up-to-date information on the country's children and women. The survey measure key indicators used to monitor progress towards the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and will assist in policy decisions and government interventions.

The Saint Lucia MICS was conducted in 2012 as part of the fourth global round of MICS (MICS4), with the implementing agencies within the Government of Saint Lucia being the Ministry of Social Transformation, Local Government and Community Empowerment (MoST) and the Central Statistics Office (CSO) in collaboration with the Ministry of Health, Wellness, Human Services and Gender Relations (MoH), Ministry of Education, Human Resource Development and Labour (MoE) and other government departments as well as non-government agencies.

The Saint Lucia MICS was conducted using a sample of 2,000 households from both rural and urban areas in all the country's districts. Information was collected from 1,718 households about 1,253 women aged 15-49 years and 291 children under the age of 5 living in the households. A set of three questionnaires - a household questionnaire, a questionnaire for women aged 15-49years and a questionnaire for children under 5 - was used to conduct face-to-face interviews, and each yielded response rates of over 90 percent.

Geographic coverage
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National

Analysis unit
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- individuals
- households

Universe
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The survey covered all de jure household members (usual residents), all women aged between 15-49 years, all children under 5 living in the household.

Kind of data
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Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure
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The primary objective of the sample design for the Saint Lucia Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) was to produce statistically reliable estimates of most indicators both at the national level and for urban and rural areas.

There are 10 geographic districts in Saint Lucia. Five of these districts contain less than 3,000 households: Canaries (786 households), Anse la Raye (2,162 households), Soufriere (2,875 households), Choiseul (2,069 households) and Laborie (2,180 households). Due to the small size of so many districts it is not realistic to provide estimates at the district level. There is no obvious grouping of districts into a smaller sub-set of three or four regions, which would have made sampling more manageable. Thus urban and rural population were selected as the sampling strata for the purpose of the MICS.

The 2010 Population and Household Census is used as the sample frame for the Saint Lucia MICS and census EDs are defined as the primary sampling units (PSUs)/ clusters. These were selected from each of the sampling strata by using systematic pps (probability proportional to size) sampling procedures based on the estimated sizes of the enumeration districts (clusters) from the 2010 Census.

There were no obvious sources of data that could provide indicative values of some of the key MICS indicators. The CSO has not conducted any previous surveys of this nature, although the Core Wealth Indicator Questionnaire Survey (CWIQ) conducted in 2004 provided estimates showed almost 100 percent coverage for prenatal care and for professional attendance at delivery.

The average number of households selected per cluster was determined as 20 households based on a number of considerations including the design effect, the budget available and the time that would be needed per team to complete one cluster. Dividing the total number of households (2,000) by the number of sample households per cluster, it was calculated that 100 sample clusters would be selected.

The 2010 Population and Household Census was used as the sample frame for the selection of clusters. Census ED/clusters were defined as primary sampling units (PSUs) and selected from each of the sampling strata by using systematic pps sampling procedures, based on the estimated sizes of the enumeration areas from the 2010 Census.

To select the sample of clusters, EDs/clusters within each stratum were listed in order by district and by ED/cluster number within each district. In cases where larger EDs/clusters had been subdivided previously, these parts were listed next to each other (even if they did not have adjacent ED numbers). EDs/clusters with less than 20 households were combined with the ED/cluster immediately preceding them in the list, and if the small ED/cluster was the first ED/cluster shown in a district it was combined with the next ED/cluster on the list. The first stage of sampling was completed by selecting the required number of EDs/clusters from each stratum (urban and rural).

The sampling procedures are more fully described in "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2012 - Final Report" pp.122-125.

Mode of data collection
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Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument
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The questionnaires for the Generic MICS were structured questionnaires based on the MICS4 model questionnaire with some modifications and additions. Household questionnaires were administered in each household, which collected various information on household members including sex, age and relationship. The household questionnaire includes household listing form, education, water and sanitation, household characteristics, child labour, child discipline, hand washing and salt iodization.

In addition to a household questionnaire, questionnaires were administered in each household for women age 15-49 and children under age five. For children, the questionnaire was administered to the mother or primary caretaker of the child.

The women's questionnaire includes woman's background, access to mass media and use of information and communications technology, child mortality without birth history (abridged module used to calculate births in the last 2 years), desire for last birth, maternal and newborn health, post-natal health checks, contraception, unmet need for contraception, attitudes toward domestic violence, marriage/union, sexual behavior, HIV/AIDS, alcohol use.

The children's questionnaire includes child's age, birth registration, early childhood development, breastfeeding, care of illness, and anthropometry.

Cleaning operations
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Data were entered on four desktop computers using the Census and Survey Processing System (CSPro) software by four data entry operators, one questionnaire administrator, one secondary editor and a data entry supervisor. In order to ensure quality control, all questionnaires were double entered (entered and verified) and internal consistency checks were performed. Procedures and standard programmes developed under the global MICS4 programme and adapted to the Saint Lucia questionnaire were used throughout. Data processing began simultaneously with data collection in April 2012 and was completed in June 2012. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software program, Version 18, and the model syntax and tabulation plans developed by UNICEF were used for this purpose.

Response rate
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The 2,000 households selected were found to contain 2,009 households. All the households were visited and 1,800 were found to be occupied. Of these, 1,718 households were successfully interviewed, yielding a household response rate of 95 percent. In the interviewed households, 1,341 eligible women (aged 15-49 years) were identified. Of these, 1,253 women were successfully interviewed, yielding a response rate of 93 percent within interviewed households. There were 300 eligible children under age 5 listed in the household questionnaire, and questionnaires were completed for 291 of these children (a response rate of 97 percent). Overall response rates of 89 and 93 percent were calculated for the women's and under-5's interviews respectively. The response rates were similar for both the urban and rural areas, yielding rates of over 90 percent for the household, women and children under 5.

Sampling error estimates
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Sampling errors are a measure of the variability between the estimates from all possible samples. The extent of variability is not known exactly but can be estimated statistically from the survey data.

The following sampling error measures are presented in this appendix for each of the selected indicators:
- Standard error (se): Sampling errors are usually measured in terms of standard errors for particular indicators (means, proportions, etc). Standard error is the square root of the variance of the estimate. The Taylor linearization method is used for the estimation of standard errors.
- Coefficient of variation (se/r) is the ratio of the standard error to the value of the indicator and is a measure of the relative sampling error.
- Design effect (deff) is the ratio of the actual variance of an indicator, under the sampling method used in the survey, to the variance calculated under the assumption of simple random sampling. The square root of the design effect (deft) is used to show the efficiency of the sample design in relation to the precision. A deft value of 1.0 indicates that the sample design is as efficient as a simple random sample, while a deft value above 1.0 indicates an increase in the standard error due to the use of a more complex sample design.
- Confidence limits are calculated to show the interval within which the true value for the population can be reasonably assumed to fall, with a specified level of confidence. For any given statistic calculated from the survey, the value of that statistic will fall within a range of plus or minus two times the standard error (r + 2.se or r - 2.se) of the statistic in 95 percent of all possible samples of identical size and design.

For the calculation of sampling errors from MICS data, SPSS Version 18 Complex Samples module has been used. The results are shown in the tables that follow. In addition to the sampling error measures described above, the tables also include weighted and unweighted counts of denominators for each indicator.

Sampling errors are calculated for indicators of primary interest, for the national level and for urban and rural areas. One of the selected indicators is based on households, 7 are based on household members, 19 are based on women and 8 are based on children under 5. All indicators presented here are in the form of proportions.

Data appraisal
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A series of data quality tables are available to review the quality of the data and include the following:

- Age distribution of the household population
- Age distribution of eligible and interviewed women
- Age distribution of under-5s in household and under-5 questionnaires
- Women’s completion rates by socio-economic characteristics of households
- Completion rates for under-5 questionnaires by socio-economic characteristics of households
- Completeness of reporting
- Completeness of information for anthropometric indicators
- Heaping in anthropometric measurements
- Observation of places for hand washing
- Observation of women's health cards
- Observation of under-5s birth certificates
- Presence of mother in the household and the person interviewed for the under-5 questionnaire
- Selection of children aged 2–14 years for the child discipline module
- School attendance by single age

The results of each of these data quality tables are shown in appendix D in document "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2012 - Final Report" pp.140-147.

摘要
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圣卢西亚多指标群组调查（MICS）是一项由国家代表性家庭调查组成，由联合国儿童基金会（UNICEF）指导制定，旨在提供与国际标准可比且信息更新的关于该国儿童和妇女的信息。调查衡量了用于监测实现千年发展目标（MDGs）进展的关键指标，并将协助政策决策和政府干预。

圣卢西亚MICS于2012年作为第四轮全球MICS（MICS4）的一部分进行，由圣卢西亚政府内的社会转型、地方政府和社区赋权部（MoST）以及中央统计局（CSO）负责实施，并与卫生、福祉、人力资源发展和性别关系部（MoH）、教育部、人力资源发展和劳动力部（MoE）以及其他政府部门和非政府机构合作。

圣卢西亚MICS通过对全国各区的农村和城市地区的2,000户家庭进行抽样调查而开展。从1,718户家庭中收集了关于1,253名15-49岁妇女和291名5岁以下儿童的信息。使用一套三个问卷——家庭问卷、15-49岁妇女问卷和5岁以下儿童问卷——进行面对面访谈，每个问卷的回应率均超过90%。

地理覆盖范围
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全国

分析单元
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- 个人
- 家庭

总体
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调查涵盖了所有法定家庭成员（常住居民）、所有15-49岁的妇女、所有居住在家庭中的5岁以下儿童。

数据类型
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样本调查数据 [ssd]

抽样程序
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圣卢西亚多指标群组调查（MICS）的样本设计的主要目标是产生统计上可靠的估计值，用于大多数指标，无论是在国家层面还是在城市和农村地区。

圣卢西亚共有10个地理区，其中5个区的家庭数量少于3,000户：Canaries（786户）、Anse la Raye（2,162户）、Soufriere（2,875户）、Choiseul（2,069户）和Laborie（2,180户）。由于许多区规模较小，因此在实际操作中不可能提供区级估计值。没有明显的将区划分为更小的三或四个子区域的分组，这将使抽样更加容易管理。因此，城市和农村人口被选为MICS的抽样层。

2010年人口和家庭普查被用作圣卢西亚MICS的抽样框架，普查EDs被定义为初级抽样单位（PSUs）/群组。这些单位根据2010年普查中每个抽样层（群组）的估计规模，通过使用系统概率比例大小（pps）抽样程序从每个抽样层中选择。

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数据评估
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一系列数据质量表可用于审查数据质量，包括以下内容：
- 家庭人口的年龄分布
- 符合条件的和接受访谈的妇女的年龄分布
- 家庭和5岁以下问卷中的5岁以下儿童的年龄分布
- 妇女完成率按家庭的社会经济特征
- 5岁以下问卷的完成率按家庭的社会经济特征
- 报告的完整性
- 人体测量指标信息的完整性
- 人体测量测量中的堆叠
- 观察洗手地点
- 观察妇女健康卡
- 观察5岁以下儿童的出生证明
- 家庭中母亲的存在和为5岁以下儿童问卷接受访谈的人
- 为儿童纪律模块选择2-14岁儿童
- 单一年龄的学龄出席率

这些数据质量表的每项结果均在“多指标群组调查2012 - 最终报告”附录D中展示。