Human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination is associated with reduced number of surgical treatments, an observational study on recurrent respiratory papillomatosis in Northern Sweden

Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is a wart-like lesion mainly affecting the larynx, caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes 6 and 11. The disease affects both children and adults, and there is no cure. Surgery is the current symptom-relieving treatment; however, HPV vaccination is used as an adjuvant treatment. The aims were to study effects of HPV vaccination in RRP cases and to compare juvenile-onset to adult-onset disease and high treatment frequency (TF) to low TF cases. Medical records of RRP patients were studied from May 2006 to January 2023. Eighty-five RRP cases, tested for HPV genotypes with PapilloCheck®, were included. Vaccination- onset- and treatment analysis were performed. Twelve percent of the cases were vaccinated. The number of surgeries decreased from 2.0 to 0.8/year after HPV vaccination. Most cases had an adult-onset and less than one treatment per year. Juvenile-onset cases had a higher vaccination treatment ratio compared to adult-onset. HPV vaccination was associated with a lower number of treatments per year, supporting the use of vaccination as an adjuvant treatment. Vaccination as adjuvant treatment to surgery may lead to increased quality of life for RRP patients and saved healthcare resources.

复发性呼吸道乳头状瘤病（Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis, RRP）是一类主要累及喉部的疣状病变，由人乳头瘤病毒（human papillomavirus, HPV）6型和11型感染所致。该病可发生于儿童与成人群体，目前尚无根治方案。当前临床以手术作为症状缓解性治疗手段，而人乳头瘤病毒疫苗可作为辅助治疗方式。本研究旨在探讨人乳头瘤病毒疫苗在复发性呼吸道乳头状瘤病患者中的应用效果，并比较青少年起病与成人起病病例的疾病特征，以及高治疗频率（treatment frequency, TF）与低治疗频率病例的差异。研究纳入2006年5月至2023年1月期间的复发性呼吸道乳头状瘤病患者病历资料，共计85例经PapilloCheck®检测过人乳头瘤病毒基因型的病例，并开展了疫苗接种情况、起病时间及治疗相关分析。结果显示，12%的受试病例接受了人乳头瘤病毒疫苗接种。接种疫苗后，患者年均手术次数从2.0次降至0.8次。多数病例为成人起病，年均治疗次数不足1次。青少年起病病例的疫苗接种治疗比高于成人起病病例。人乳头瘤病毒疫苗接种与更低的年均治疗次数显著相关，支持将疫苗作为复发性呼吸道乳头状瘤病的辅助治疗方案。将疫苗作为手术治疗的辅助手段，可有效提升复发性呼吸道乳头状瘤病患者的生活质量，并节省医疗资源。