Actors mapping.

Social science perspectives enable more holistic approaches to the evaluation of health interventions. Balance between context, setting and implementation is key to the sustainable impact of health interventions. However, little is known about how the implementation of interventions against Neglected Tropical Diseases interacts with context and settings, or the influence of the interaction on intervention outcomes. We conducted a qualitative evaluation of a podoconiosis intervention in Northwestern Ethiopia, and collected data on intervention implementation, context, setting and relations among these elements between 10/04/2022 and 29/07/2022. Our system and network analyses revealed that the context, setting and implementation of the intervention interacted formally and informally across macro, meso and micro levels during intervention delivery and created constraints on the intervention. In future, implementers must design programs that can withstand the constraining effects of contextual and related factors to effectively deliver activities and institutionalize NTD services at the community level. These programs must be supported by simultaneous efforts to mobilize institutions and local actors to ensure reflection on priorities and local solutions. Integrating social science perspectives into intervention evaluation enables better analysis and understanding of the factors influencing health interventions.社会科学视角可为健康干预措施的评估提供更为整体化的研究路径。平衡背景情境（context）、实施场景（setting）与干预实施（implementation）三者间的关系，是保障健康干预措施可持续发挥影响的核心。然而目前学界对被忽视的热带病（Neglected Tropical Diseases, NTD）干预措施的实施如何与背景情境及实施场景相互作用，以及此种相互作用对干预结局产生的影响仍知之甚少。本研究对埃塞俄比亚西北部的足肿病（podoconiosis）干预措施开展了定性评估，并于2022年4月10日至2022年7月29日期间，收集了关于干预实施、背景情境、实施场景以及各要素间关联的相关数据。本研究的系统与网络分析结果显示，在干预实施推进过程中，该干预措施的背景情境、实施场景与实施过程在宏观、中观与微观层面均存在正式与非正式的相互作用，并对干预措施形成了多重约束。未来，干预实施者需设计可抵御背景情境及相关因素制约效应的项目，以有效推进各项活动落地，并在社区层面实现被忽视的热带病服务的制度化。此类项目需得到同步行动的支持，即动员各类机构与本地行动主体，确保对工作优先级与本地解决方案进行充分反思与考量。将社会科学视角融入干预措施评估，可助力更深入地分析与理解影响健康干预措施的各类因素。