Experimental evolution reveals differential evolutionary trajectories in male and female activity levels in response to sexual selection and metapopulation structure

Behavior is central to interactions with the environment and thus has significant consequences for individual fitness. Sexual selection and demographic processes have been shown to independently shape behavioral evolution. However, while some studies have tested the simultaneous effects of these forces, no studies have investigated their interplay in behavioral evolution. We applied experimental evolution in the seed beetle Callosobruchus maculatus to investigate, for the first time, the interactive effects of sexual selection intensity (high (polygamy) vs. minimal (enforced monogamy)) and metapopulation structure (yes/no) on the evolution of movement activity, a crucial behavior involved in multiples functions (e.g., dispersal, predator avoidance or resource acquisition) and thus, closely related to fitness. We found that the interactive effects of the selection regimes did not affect individual activity, which was assayed under two different environments (absence vs. presence of consp...

行为是生物与环境交互作用的核心，因此对个体适合度（fitness）具有显著影响。性选择与种群统计过程已被证实可独立塑造行为演化。然而，尽管已有部分研究探讨了这两种演化力量的联合效应，但尚无研究考察二者在行为演化中的交互作用。本研究以绿豆象（Callosobruchus maculatus）为实验对象，采用实验进化（experimental evolution）方法，首次探究了性选择强度（高强度：多配偶制；低强度：强制单配偶制）与集合种群结构（存在/不存在）对运动活动演化的交互影响。运动活动是一项参与多种生命功能（如扩散、避敌或资源获取）的关键行为，因此与个体适合度密切相关。本研究发现，不同选择方案的交互作用并未显著影响个体运动活动，该性状在两种不同环境下进行测定：环境条件分别为存在与缺失[原文表述未完整给出]。