European Working Conditions Survey, 2015

<p>The <i>European Working Conditions Survey</i> (EWCS) is conducted by Eurofound (the European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions). Since its launch in 1990, the EWCS has provided an overview of working conditions in Europe. The main objectives of the survey are to:</p><p><ul><li>assess and quantify working conditions of both employees and the self-employed across Europe on a harmonised basis;</li><li>analyse relationships between different aspects of working conditions;</li><li>identify groups at risk and issues of concern as well as of progress;</li><li>monitor trends by providing homogeneous indicators on these issues; and</li><li>contribute to European policy development in particular on quality of work and employment issues.</li></ul><p>Themes covered include employment status, working time duration and organisation, work organisation, learning and training, physical and psychosocial risk factors, health and safety, work-life balance, worker participation, earnings and financial security, as well as work and health.<br></p>The EWCS paints a wide-ranging picture of Europe at work across countries, occupations, sectors and age groups. Its findings highlight actions for policy actors to help them address the challenges facing Europe today. The EWCS is generally conducted once every five years, although an extra wave was conducted in 2001 to cover the new acceding and candidate EU countries. The survey is based on a questionnaire which is administered face-to-face to a random sample of 'persons in employment' (i.e. employees and the self-employed), representative of the working population in each EU country. An integrated dataset is also available (see SN 7363) which combines data from the first five waves of the survey in one file.<br>
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Before working with the EWCS data, users are recommended to read the latest supplementary supporting documentation on the Eurofound <a href="http://www.eurofound.europa.eu/surveys/european-working-conditions-surveys" title="European Working Conditions Survey" target="_blank">European Working Conditions Survey</a> webpages. Further information about the series can be found there, including methodological information, technical reports and reports on translation, sampling implementation, sampling evaluation and weighting, coding, quality control, quality assurance and other publications.<br>
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</p> The sixth EWCS interviewed nearly 44,000 workers in 35 countries. Its findings provide detailed information on a broad range of issues, including exposure to physical and psychosocial risks, work organisation, work–life balance, and health and well-being, the reconciliation of work and private life and the sustainability of work. <br />
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For the 4th edition (June 2017), an updated version of the data file was deposited. Improvements in the population figures have led to a revision to the post-stratification weights of the 6th EWCS dataset, affecting the weighting variables w4, w5_EU12, w5_EU15, w5_EU27 and w5_EU28. Although Eurofound considers that this revision should only result in marginal changes in the weighted data, users are recommended to re-run analyses using the new weights in order to assess whether the change has had any impact on the outcome. The Readme file has been updated accordingly.<br /><br />

<p><i>欧洲工作条件调查（European Working Conditions Survey，EWCS）</i>由欧洲改善生活和工作条件基金会（Eurofound）开展。自1990年启动以来，EWCS已全面呈现欧洲地区的工作状况全貌。本调查的核心目标包括：</p><p><ul><li>以统一标准评估并量化欧洲地区雇员与自营职业者的工作条件；</li><li>剖析工作条件各维度间的内在关联；</li><li>识别高风险群体、亟待关注的议题及已有进展；</li><li>通过构建统一标准化的相关议题指标，追踪趋势变化；</li><li>为欧盟在工作质量与就业领域的政策制定提供支撑。</li></ul></p><p>调查涵盖的主题包括：就业身份、工作时长与排班安排、工作组织模式、学习与培训、物理及社会心理风险因素、健康与安全、工作与生活平衡、劳动者参与、收入与财务保障，以及工作与健康等领域。<br></p><p>EWCS全方位展现了欧洲各国、各职业、各行业及各年龄层的就业图景。其研究成果为政策制定者应对当前欧洲面临的各类挑战提供了行动指引。EWCS通常每五年开展一轮调查，不过2001年曾额外增设一轮，以覆盖欧盟新入盟国及候选国。本次调查以问卷为工具，采用面对面访谈方式，对欧盟各国就业人口（即雇员与自营职业者）的随机代表性样本进行调研。此外还可获取整合型数据集（编号SN 7363），该数据集将前五轮调查的数据整合至单一文件中。<br><br></p><p>在使用EWCS数据前，建议使用者先查阅欧洲改善生活和工作条件基金会（Eurofound）官方网站上关于本调查的最新补充配套文档，相关页面可访问：<a href="http://www.eurofound.europa.eu/surveys/european-working-conditions-surveys" title="欧洲工作条件调查" target="_blank">欧洲工作条件调查</a>。该网站还可获取本系列调查的更多相关信息，包括方法论说明、技术报告，以及关于翻译、抽样实施、抽样评估与加权、编码、质量控制、质量保障等内容的报告与其他出版物。<br><br></p><p>第六轮EWCS共对35个国家的近4.4万名劳动者进行了访谈。其研究成果涵盖了物理与社会心理风险暴露、工作组织模式、工作与生活平衡、健康与福祉、工作与私人生活协调以及工作可持续性等广泛议题的详细信息。 <br /><br /></p><p>2017年6月发布的第4版数据文件已更新为最新存档版本。由于人口统计数据的优化，第六轮EWCS数据集的后分层权重进行了修订，涉及w4、w5_EU12、w5_EU15、w5_EU27及w5_EU28等加权变量。尽管Eurofound认为此次修订仅会对加权数据产生小幅变动，但仍建议使用者采用新权重重新运行分析，以评估此次变更对分析结果的影响。相关自述文件（Readme）已同步更新。<br /><br /></p>