Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) - Scanner related stress (MRI experiment)

YOUth is a large-scale longitudinal cohort study following children from the city of Utrecht and its surrounding areas in their development from pregnancy until early adulthood. The YOUth cohort focuses on neurocognitive development involved in two core characteristics of behavioral development: social competence and behavioral control. YOUth includes children from the general population to cover the whole range of variation in behavioral development, ranging from uncomplicated development, through problem behavior, to psychiatric disorders. To understand why some children develop problematic behavior, and others show resilience, YOUth measures a broad range of biological, child-related and environmental determinants.

YOUth conducts repeated measurements at regular intervals (i.e. 'waves'). Specifically, the study has two inclusion moments: YOUth Baby & Child and YOUth Child & Adolescent. YOUth applies a flexible longitudinal design to the cohorts, meaning that children are measured at broader age ranges (3-year age ranges) at each wave. The main benefit of the flexible age design is that it provides more detailed information on the neurodevelopmental curves over time.

An extensive data set is generated, including 3D-ultrasound sweeps of the fetal brain, eye tracking, EEG, (f)MRI, computer tasks, cognitive measurements and parent-child observations. We also collect a broad range of questionnaires on behavior, personality, health, lifestyle, parenting, child development, use of (social) media and more. Finally, (umbilical) blood samples, buccal swabs, saliva and hair samples are collected at each visit, and stored in the UMC Utrecht Biobank.

「YOUth」是一项大型纵向队列研究，追踪乌得勒支市及其周边地区儿童从孕期至成年早期的发育进程。该队列聚焦与行为发育两项核心特征相关的神经认知发育，即社交能力与行为控制。研究纳入来自普通人群的儿童，以覆盖行为发育的全部变异谱系，涵盖从单纯正常发育、问题行为直至精神障碍的各类情况。为厘清部分儿童出现问题行为、而另一部分儿童展现出心理韧性的成因，YOUth队列对多维度的生物学、儿童个体相关及环境决定因素展开了测量。

「YOUth」采用定期重复测量（即「随访波次」）的研究设计。具体而言，该研究包含两个入组节点：YOUth婴儿与儿童组（YOUth Baby & Child）以及YOUth儿童与青少年组（YOUth Child & Adolescent）。该队列采用灵活纵向设计：每一波次的测量覆盖3年的宽泛年龄区间。此种灵活年龄设计的核心优势在于，可提供随时间推进的更为精细的神经发育轨迹信息。

该研究生成了海量数据集，涵盖胎儿大脑三维超声扫描、眼动追踪、脑电图（EEG）、功能磁共振成像（(f)MRI）、计算机任务测验、认知测评以及亲子互动观察。此外，研究团队还收集了覆盖行为、人格、健康、生活方式、育儿模式、儿童发育、（社交）媒体使用等多领域的广泛问卷数据。最后，每次随访都会采集脐血、口腔拭子、唾液及毛发样本，并存储于乌得勒支大学医学中心生物样本库（UMC Utrecht Biobank）。