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This study develops and evaluates quantitative metrics to assess surgical dexterity within virtual reality (VR) simulations to enhance surgical training and performance. By employing advanced VR technology, this research systematically investigates the influence of controlled experimental factors—posture, handedness, and visual magnification—on surgical performance. The impact of human factors such as surgical specialty, experience, and lifestyle factors like sleep and caffeine consumption on surgical dexterity is also analyzed. The findings reveal that seated posture, dominant hand usage, and enhanced visual magnification significantly improve surgical precision and efficiency. Contrary to common beliefs, lifestyle factors such as sleep duration and coffee consumption showed minimal impact on performance metrics. The study highlights the potential of VR simulations to provide a controlled, replicable, and safe environment for surgical training, emphasizing the importance of personalized training protocols that cater to individual surgeon’s needs. The insights from this research advocate for integrating quantitative, objective metrics in surgical training programs to refine and accelerate dexterity acquisition, ultimately aiming to improve patient outcomes and surgical care.本研究开发并评估了用于虚拟现实（VR）模拟场景中评估手术操作灵巧性的量化指标，以优化外科手术培训与实操表现。本研究借助先进的虚拟现实技术，系统探究了受控实验变量——包括体位、利手性与视觉放大倍率——对外科手术表现的影响。同时分析了外科专科背景、从业经验等人为因素，以及睡眠、咖啡因摄入等生活方式因素对手术灵巧性的影响。研究结果显示，坐姿体位、利手操作以及增强型视觉放大倍率可显著提升手术精准度与操作效率。与普遍认知相悖的是，睡眠时长、咖啡因摄入等生活方式因素对手术表现指标的影响微乎其微。本研究凸显了虚拟现实模拟技术可为外科手术培训提供可控、可复现且安全的训练环境的潜力，并强调了贴合外科医师个体需求的个性化培训方案的重要性。本研究所得结论主张在外科手术培训体系中引入量化、客观的评估指标，以优化并加快手术灵巧性的习得进程，最终目标是改善患者预后与外科诊疗质量。