The State Environmental Monitoring - Monitoring of species and natural habitats

The spatial dataset concerns the monitoring of species and natural habitats, which is carried out as part of the nature monitoring subsystem of the State Environmental Monitoring coordinated by the Chief Inspector of Environmental Protection. The main purpose of nature monitoring is to determine the conservation status of species and natural habitats in the biogeographic regions distinguished in the country. The continental region, the Alpine region and the Baltic Sea area stand out for Poland. The purpose of monitoring is also to provide data enabling the development of reports submitted every six years to the European Commission (EC) on the conservation status of natural habitats and species of European significance. These reports assess species coverage, population, species habitat, and conservation prospects. However, for natural habitats, the range, area, structure and functions of the habitat, as well as protection perspectives, are assessed. The assumption of monitoring natural habitats and species is to collect information that allows to determine their current conservation status in the context of changes occurring as a result of various anthropogenic and natural impacts and forecast threats, as well as existing protection methods. In the case of natural habitats it is about the state and changes occurring in the range of their occurrence, the area occupied and the structure and function, and in the case of species - the condition and changes occurring in their ranges, the size and structure of the population and the area and quality of the habitats with which they are associated. The research is carried out on sample plots (so-called monitoring stands) throughout the country, with particular regard to special Natura 2000 habitat protection areas.本空间数据集聚焦物种与自然栖息地监测工作，该工作隶属于由国家环境保护总督察统筹协调的国家环境监测体系中的自然监测子系统。自然监测的核心目标，是明确本国划定的生物地理区域（biogeographic regions）内物种与自然栖息地的保护现状。就波兰而言，其境内的大陆区域、阿尔卑斯区域与波罗的海区域为该监测工作重点覆盖的生物地理单元。本监测工作的另一目标，是提供数据支撑每六年向欧盟委员会（European Commission, EC）提交的报告编制工作，该报告需评估具有欧洲重要性的自然栖息地与物种的保护现状。此类报告需评估物种覆盖范围、种群规模、物种栖息地及保护前景；而针对自然栖息地，则需评估其分布范围、占地面积、结构特征与生态功能，以及保护前景。本项针对自然栖息地与物种的监测工作，其核心宗旨为收集相关信息，以在各类人为及自然干扰引发的变化、潜在威胁与现有保护措施的综合背景下，明确其当前保护现状。具体而言，针对自然栖息地，监测内容涵盖其分布范围、占用面积、结构与功能的现状及变化情况；针对物种，则需监测其分布范围、种群规模与结构、以及其所依附栖息地的面积与质量的现状及变化情况。本监测工作在全国范围内的样地（sample plots，又称监测样点（monitoring stands））开展，并重点关注Natura 2000特殊栖息地保护区域。