Yorku.pond.impermeable.October18-2016.csv

<br> <b>Meta Data:</b> <b>Weather: </b>The weather was 24 degrees Celsius with cloudy skies and winds of 26 mph according to the Beaufort scale. <b>Location: </b>The experiment was conducted at Stong Pond which is located behind the Bergeron Engineering Building near the Pond Road and Hoover Road (Latitude 43.77058, Longitude -79.50663). <b>Transect:</b> A 30m measuring tape. Two were used to measure a total length of 50m. <b>Quadrat:</b> A 1x1m grid placed in a system and on either sides of the transect it was alternated every 2m. It was used to count abundance of native and exotic plants, and the total number of flowers. It was repeated a total of 25 times. <b>Variables Descriptions:</b> <b>Census: </b>Rotation for a given group to sample each habitat. Continuous variable. <b>Latitude and longitude:</b> Recorded by using an online GPS. Continuous variable. <b>Habitat:</b> A pond is defined as a small body of water at least 100m in diameter on a campus. We collected the samples near the shore of the pond. The impermeable area is a paved or gravel area with mostly impermeable materials. We collected the data on the grass near the parking lot on Nelson Road. Continuous variable. <b>Abundance of native plants: </b>The total number of native plants seen in the quadrat (1x1m), alternating every 2m on either side of the transect. Native plants are indigenous to a given area and have developed naturally and have existed for many years. Continuous variable. <b>Abundance of exotic plants: </b>The total number of exotic plants seen in the quadrat (1x1m), alternating every 2m on either side of the transect. Exotic plants are foreign plants that do not naturally develop in a given area. Continuous variable. <b>Total number of flowers:</b> Recorded the total number of independent flower heads within each quadrat sample or transect sample. Continuous variable. <b>Abundance of woody plants:</b> The total number of woody plants found within 0.5 metres of both sides of the transect tape. Woody plants are trees greater than 1.5 m in height. Abundance was counted every 2 metres of the tape. Continuous variable. <b>Canopy cover:</b> Measured by looking up while raising our fingers in a rectangle and estimating the amount of coverage made by the leaves of the tree. This was conducted every 2 metres along the transect. Continuous variable. <b>Ground cover:</b> Measured by looking down while lowering our fingers in a rectangle and estimating the amount of vegetative coverage. Continuous variable. <b>Abundance of vertebrates: </b>The total number of animals seen within 50m of your location for 15 minutes, using transect tape as your 50m guide. Vertebrate is an animal that has a backbone. Continuous variable. <b>Vertebrate species: </b>Number of different vertebrate species observed within 50m of your location for 15 minutes. Continuous variable.<br> <br> <b>Abundance of people:</b> The total number of people seen (not in your lab groups) within 50m of your location for 15 minutes, using tape as your 50m guide. Continuous variable. <b>Abundance of invertebrates pantraps:</b> Total number of insects captured within 6 pan traps. Pantraps are circular blue, yellow, and white bowls filled with soapy water. They are 5cm in depth and 18 cm diameter. Continuous variable. <b>Abundance of invertebrates sweeps:</b> Total number of insects captured within 10 sweep nets. The sweeps are a net with a wooden handle and is 31 cm in diameter. Continuous variable. <b>Abundance of invertebrates observed:</b> Total number of insects observed within 5m of your location for 15 minutes. Invertebrate is an animal without a backbone. Continuous variable. See the attached Word document for the methods for each research experiment.

**元数据（Meta Data）：**
**气象：** 当日气象参数为：气温24摄氏度，天空多云，风速达26英里每小时（依据博福特风级（Beaufort scale）标准）。
**实验地点：** 本次实验开展于斯特朗塘（Stong Pond），该水塘位于伯杰龙工程楼（Bergeron Engineering Building）后方，毗邻庞德路（Pond Road）与胡佛路（Hoover Road），地理坐标为北纬43.77058、西经79.50663。
**样带（Transect）：** 采用30米卷尺作为样带测量工具，本次实验共使用2卷卷尺，总测量长度达50米。
**样方（Quadrat）：** 采用1×1米的网格样方，按系统布设方式放置于样带两侧，每间隔2米交替布设一组，共重复布设25次。该样方用于统计本土与外来植物的多度，以及花卉总数量。
**变量说明（Variables Descriptions）：**
**普查（Census）：** 针对指定组别轮换以完成各生境的采样，为连续型变量。
**经纬度：** 通过在线GPS设备记录所得，为连续型变量。
**生境：** 本次实验将校园内直径至少100米的小型水域定义为水塘，采样点设于水塘近岸区域；不透水区域指以不透水材料为主的铺装或碎石地面，本次另一采样点设于纳尔逊路（Nelson Road）停车场附近的草坪地带，为连续型变量。
**本土植物多度：** 指在样带两侧每间隔2米交替布设的1×1米样方内，观测到的本土植物总数量。本土植物指某一区域内天然演化、长期自然存在的土著物种，为连续型变量。
**外来植物多度：** 指在样带两侧每间隔2米交替布设的1×1米样方内，观测到的外来植物总数量。外来植物指非本地天然演化的外来物种，为连续型变量。
**花卉总数量：** 记录每个样方或样带采样点内独立头状花序的总数量，为连续型变量。
**木本植物多度：** 指在样带卷尺两侧各0.5米范围内，观测到的木本植物总数量。木本植物指高度大于1.5米的树木，沿样带每间隔2米统计一次，为连续型变量。
**冠层盖度：** 通过抬头观察，以手指围成矩形估算树木叶片的覆盖比例，沿样带每间隔2米测量一次，为连续型变量。
**地表盖度：** 通过低头观察，以手指围成矩形估算植被的覆盖比例，为连续型变量。
**脊椎动物多度：** 以样带卷尺作为50米范围的参照，统计15分钟内观测点周边50米范围内的脊椎动物总数量。脊椎动物指具有脊椎骨的动物，为连续型变量。
**脊椎物种类群数：** 统计15分钟内观测点周边50米范围内观测到的不同脊椎物种类群的数量，为连续型变量。
**人员多度：** 以卷尺作为50米范围的参照，统计15分钟内观测点周边50米范围内的非实验小组人员总数量，为连续型变量。
**诱捕器诱捕无脊椎动物多度：** 指6个诱捕器捕获的昆虫总数量。诱捕器为蓝、黄、白三色圆形碗具，内盛肥皂水，碗深5厘米，直径18厘米，为连续型变量。
**扫网采集无脊椎动物多度：** 指10个扫网捕获的昆虫总数量。扫网为配备木质手柄的网具，网口直径31厘米，为连续型变量。
**观测无脊椎动物多度：** 统计15分钟内观测点周边5米范围内观测到的昆虫总数量。无脊椎动物指不具有脊椎骨的动物，为连续型变量。详细的各研究实验方法请参阅附件Word文档。