Free and Open Source Software underpinning the European Forest Data Centre

Rodriguez Aseretto, D., Di Leo, M., de Rigo, D., Corti, P., McInerney, D., Camia, A., San Miguel-Ayanz, J., 2013. <strong>Free and Open Source Software underpinning the European Forest Data Centre</strong>. <em>Geophysical Research Abstracts 15</em>, 12101+. ISSN 1607-7962, European Geosciences Union (EGU). This is the authors’ version of the work. The definitive version is published in the Vol. 15 of Geophysical Research Abstracts (ISSN 1607-7962) and presented at the European Geosciences Union (EGU) General Assembly 2013, Vienna, Austria, 07-12 April 2013<br>http://www.egu2013.eu/ <strong><br></strong> <strong><br></strong> <strong>Free and Open Source Software underpinning the European Forest Data Centre</strong> <strong><br></strong> Dario Rodriguez Aseretto ¹, Margherita Di Leo ¹, Daniele de Rigo ¹ ², Paolo Corti ¹ ³, Daniel McInerney ¹, Andrea Camia ¹, Jes ús San-Miguel-Ayanz ¹ ¹ European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Environment and Sustainability,<br>Via E. Fermi 2749, I-21027 Ispra (VA), Italy ² Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione,<br>Via Ponzio 34/5, I-20133 Milano, Italy ³ United Nations World Food Programme,<br>Via C.G.Viola 68 Parco dei Medici, I-00148 Rome, Italy <strong><br></strong> <strong><br>Excerpt:</strong> Worldwide, governments are growingly focusing on free and open source software (FOSS) as a move toward transparency and the freedom to run, copy, study, change and improve the software. The European Commission (EC) is also supporting the development of FOSS [...]. In addition to the financial savings, FOSS contributes to scientific knowledge freedom in computational science (CS) and is increasingly rewarded in the science-policy interface within the emerging paradigm of open science. Since complex computational science applications may be affected by software uncertainty, FOSS may help to mitigate part of the impact of software errors by CS community- driven open review, correction and evolution of scientific code. The continental scale of EC science-based policy support implies wide networks of scientific collaboration. Thematic information systems also may benefit from this approach within reproducible integrated modelling. This is supported by the EC strategy on FOSS: "for the development of new information systems, where deployment is foreseen by parties outside of the EC infrastructure, [F]OSS will be the preferred choice and in any case used whenever possible". The aim of this contribution is to highlight how a continental scale information system may exploit and integrate FOSS technologies within the transdisciplinary research underpinning such a complex system. A European example is discussed where FOSS innervates both the structure of the information system itself and the inherent transdisciplinary research for modelling the data and information which constitute the system content. [...]

Rodriguez Aseretto, D.、Di Leo, M.、de Rigo, D.、Corti, P.、McInerney, D.、Camia, A.、San Miguel-Ayanz, J. 于2013年发表的论文《支撑欧洲森林数据中心的自由和开源软件（Free and Open Source Software, FOSS）》，刊载于《地球物理研究摘要（Geophysical Research Abstracts）》第15卷，页码范围为12101+，ISSN编号为1607-7962，由欧洲地球科学联盟（European Geosciences Union, EGU）出版。本文为作者原稿，最终正式版本收录于《地球物理研究摘要》第15卷（ISSN 1607-7962），并在2013年4月7日至12日于奥地利维也纳举办的欧洲地球科学联盟（EGU）2013年大会上进行展示，会议相关网址为http://www.egu2013.eu/

# 支撑欧洲森林数据中心的自由和开源软件
作者：Dario Rodriguez Aseretto¹, Margherita Di Leo¹, Daniele de Rigo¹ ², Paolo Corti¹ ³, Daniel McInerney¹, Andrea Camia¹, Jesús San-Miguel-Ayanz¹
¹ 欧盟委员会联合研究中心环境与可持续发展研究所，意大利伊斯普拉Via E. Fermi 2749，邮编I-21027
² 米兰理工大学电子与信息工程系，意大利米兰Via Ponzio 34/5，邮编I-20133
³ 联合国世界粮食计划署，意大利罗马Via C.G.Viola 68 Parco dei Medici，邮编I-00148

## 内容节选
当前，全球各国政府愈发将目光投向自由和开源软件（FOSS），以此作为提升政务透明度、赋予用户运行、复制、研究、修改及改进软件的自由的重要路径。欧盟委员会（European Commission, EC）同样在推动FOSS的开发[...] 除了能够节约研发与部署成本外，FOSS还为计算科学（Computational Science, CS）领域的科学知识自由提供了坚实支撑，并在开放科学这一新兴范式下的科学-政策对接领域获得了越来越多的认可。鉴于复杂的计算科学应用可能受到软件不确定性的影响，FOSS可通过计算机科学社区主导的开源评审、代码修正与迭代演进，帮助缓解软件错误带来的部分负面影响。欧盟委员会基于科学的政策支持具有大陆级尺度，这意味着需要构建广泛的科学协作网络。主题信息系统在可复现的集成建模框架下，也可从该模式中获得显著收益。欧盟委员会的FOSS战略对此提供了明确指引：“在开发新的信息系统时，若部署工作由欧盟委员会基础设施之外的主体负责，自由和开源软件将成为首选方案，且在任何可行情况下均应优先采用”。本研究旨在阐明大陆级信息系统如何在支撑此类复杂系统的跨学科研究中，开发并整合FOSS技术。本文将以欧洲地区的实践为例，探讨FOSS如何为信息系统本身的架构，以及为建模构成系统内容的数据与信息所需的固有跨学科研究提供支撑。[...]