Local plant diversity and soybean biological control 2012 Enemy Surveys:Biodiversity II: Effects of Plant Biodiversity on Population and Ecosystem Processes

Biodiversity II (E120) is designed to determine how the number of plant species affects the dynamics of ecological processes at the population, community, and ecosystem levels. By experimentally manipulating the number of species and the kinds of species, the amount of plant growth and the change from year to year, that result can be examined. Plots are large (9m x 9m actively maintained) and well-replicated, allowing responses of plant pathogens, insect herbivores, seed predators, soil parameters, invasive plant species and other variables to also be studied. Plots were seeded in May 1994 to have 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 species, with roughly 30 replicates of each diversity level. The species composition of each plot was chosen by random draw from a pool of 18 grassland perennials that included four warm-season (C4) grasses, four cool-season (C3) grasses, four legumes, four non-legume forbs, and two woody species. All species occur in monoculture allowing comparison of responses of each species in monoculture to combinations of these same species. The experiment was established in 1994 by the lead investigators David Tilman, Peter Reich, Johannes Knops, and David Wedin. Experiment 120 is similar to Experiment 123, but it uses larger plots to provide a large capacity for long-term subexperiments.

生物多样性II（Biodiversity II，实验编号E120）旨在探究植物物种数量如何影响种群、群落及生态系统尺度下的生态过程动态。通过实验操控物种数量与物种组成、植物生长量及其年际变化，可对该实验的观测结果开展分析验证。实验样地规模较大（9米×9米，定期维护）且重复设置完备，可同时开展植物病原菌、昆虫植食者、种子捕食者、土壤参数、入侵植物物种及其他相关变量的响应研究。所有样地于1994年5月完成播种，初始物种丰富度设置为1、2、4、8或16种，每个物种丰富度水平约设置30个重复样地。每个样地的物种组成均从包含18种草地多年生植物的物种库中随机抽取，该物种库包含4种暖季型（C4）禾草、4种冷季型（C3）禾草、4种豆科植物、4种非豆科杂类草以及2种木本植物。所有物种均可在单作样地中存活生长，从而可对比单一物种在单作模式下与该物种参与的物种组合模式下的响应差异。该实验由首席研究员David Tilman、Peter Reich、Johannes Knops及David Wedin于1994年启动。实验120与实验123（Experiment 123）结构相似，但采用了更大规模的样地，可为长期子实验提供充足的实验承载能力。