Data Sheet 1_Exploring automatic approach-avoidance tendencies: the impact of self-relevant social feedback on behavior.docx

Previous studies have reported automatic approach-avoidance tendencies toward various stimuli, such as words, facial expressions, and images in the appetitive or aversive valence domain. This work investigates whether self-relevant evaluative feedback affects these behavioral tendencies using a touchscreen-based approach and avoidance task, in which participants responded to two-colored fish icons either by pulling toward or by pushing away from themselves. Evaluative feedback on participants' personality traits, provided by the fish, served as a task-irrelevant feature. A pronounced valence-congruence effect for positive feedback relative to negative feedback was observed. Interestingly, higher social desirability ratings of social feedback were associated with faster reaction times for approach trials and slower reaction times for avoidance trials. Personality traits were linked to approach tendencies: higher fear of negative evaluation scores predicted a slower approach for both positive and negative feedback compared to neutral feedback. This study demonstrates automatic approach and avoidance tendencies toward self-relevant social feedback, indicating a behavioral predisposition that may be automatically triggered by such feedback. Additionally, this study lays the groundwork for developing touchscreen-based approach-avoidance tasks for measuring individual differences in sensitivity to social feedback and the strength of behavioral predispositions.既往研究已证实，个体对各类刺激存在自动化趋近-回避倾向（automatic approach-avoidance tendencies），涵盖正性或负性效价范畴内的词汇、面部表情及图像等。本研究采用基于触摸屏的趋近-回避任务（touchscreen-based approach and avoidance task），旨在考察自我相关的评价性反馈是否会影响此类行为倾向：实验中，被试需对双色鱼类图标做出朝向自身拉动或远离自身推动的反应。鱼类图标所提供的、针对被试人格特质的评价性反馈，被设置为任务无关特征（task-irrelevant feature）。研究观察到，相较于负性反馈，正性反馈呈现出显著的效价一致性效应（valence-congruence effect）。值得注意的是，社会反馈的社会赞许性评分（social desirability ratings）越高，被试在趋近试次（approach trials）中的反应时越短，而在回避试次（avoidance trials）中的反应时越长。人格特质与趋近倾向存在关联：相较于中性反馈，更高的负面评价恐惧（fear of negative evaluation）得分可预测被试在正性与负性反馈条件下的趋近反应均更为迟缓。本研究证实，个体对自我相关的社会反馈存在自动化趋近-回避倾向，表明此类反馈可自动触发行为倾向性（behavioral predisposition）。此外，本研究为开发基于触摸屏的趋近-回避任务奠定了基础，该任务可用于量化个体对社会反馈的敏感性差异以及行为倾向性的强弱程度。