Low birth weight in a subnormal urban cluster under Family Health Strategy’s care

Abstract Objectives: to identify the prevalence and to analyze the factors associated with low birth weight in a subnormal urban cluster in Pernambuco under Family Health Strategy’s care. Methods: a cross-sectional study with a census sample carried out between July and October in 2015. The variables studied were age and years of maternal schooling, social status, housing, water supply, waste disposal, prenatal care, alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking during pregnancy, along with gender, birth weight and prematurity. Stata 12.1 was utilized in order to understand the factors associated with low birth weight through uni-and-multivariate Poisson analysis, adjusted and gross prevalence ratios, composing a final statistical model considering p value <0.05 for statistical significance. Results: regarding the 294 children the LBW prevalence was 12.2% (CI95% = 8.7-16.5). Children whose mothers reported drinking during pregnancy were 2.78 times more at risk of being born with low birth weight (p<0.001) when compared with children whose mothers did not report this practice in gestation. Conclusions: the study evidenced the relevance maternal habits bears in the newborns’ health.

摘要 研究目的：识别巴西伯南布哥州某未达标准的城市聚居区内，接受家庭健康战略（Family Health Strategy）照护人群中新生儿低出生体重（low birth weight, LBW）的患病率，并分析其相关影响因素。研究方法：采用横断面研究设计，于2015年7月至10月间开展普查抽样研究。本次研究纳入的变量包括：产妇年龄、受教育年限、社会地位、居住状况、供水情况、垃圾处理方式、产前检查情况、孕期饮酒与吸烟行为，以及新生儿性别、出生体重与早产情况。本研究使用Stata 12.1软件，通过单变量与多变量泊松分析，计算校正与未校正的患病率比，构建最终统计模型，以P值<0.05作为统计学显著性判定标准。研究结果：针对294名新生儿的分析显示，低出生体重患病率为12.2%（95%置信区间：8.7~16.5）。与孕期未饮酒的产妇所产新生儿相比，自述孕期饮酒的产妇所产新生儿发生低出生体重的风险为其2.78倍（P<0.001）。研究结论：本研究证实产妇孕期习惯与新生儿健康密切相关。