Faunipollenites Bharadwaj 1962 and Protohaploxypinus Samoilovich 1953 emend. Morbey 1975: morphologic comparison of oxidized and non- oxidized specimens from India and Brazil, and its taxonomic importance

Abstract Faunipollenites Bharadwaj is considered a junior synonym of Protohaploxypinus Samoilovich emend. Morbey. However, Indian workers claim it is a valid genus due to a poorly defined corpus and absence of folds in distal attachment. In India, a standard method is applied including the oxidization with HNO3 more than 48 hours (+10’ of KOH). We analyze the effects of that treatment on the morphology of pollen grains of both genera in samples from the Permian of India and Brazil. The same samples are also processed with HCl, HF, two hours of HNO3 and 2’ of KOH and slides are mounted after each step. Our analysis reveals that distinct or indistinct central body and presence/absence of folds in distal attachment do not change in contrast to the indistinct central body and mostly absence of folds from samples that underwent a longer period of oxidization (24-48 hours and KOH 10’). The synonymization of Faunipollenites to Protohaploxypinus is confirmed. Species of Faunipollenites are reassigned to the revised species of Protohaploxypinus. The usage of the latter genus and its species in Permian biostratigraphic studies of India will improve Gondwanan correlations and paleobiogeographic reconstructions in future studies.摘要 鲍拉德瓦伊（Bharadwaj）建立的福尼花粉属（Faunipollenites）曾被视为原厚囊粉属（Protohaploxypinus，由Samoilovich命名、经Morbey修订）的次同物异名。但印度学者主张该属为有效属，依据是其花粉本体界定模糊且远极附着部位无褶皱构造。在印度，常规的花粉样品处理流程采用硝酸（HNO₃）氧化时长超过48小时，并辅以10分钟氢氧化钾（KOH）处理。本研究针对采自印度与巴西二叠纪地层的两类花粉属样品，分析该处理方案对其花粉形态的影响。同时，我们还采用盐酸（HCl）、氢氟酸（HF）、2小时硝酸及2分钟氢氧化钾的处理流程对同批样品进行前处理，并在每一步处理后制备显微玻片。研究结果显示：与经长周期氧化处理（24~48小时+10分钟KOH）的样品表现出的中心体模糊、远极附着处大多无褶皱的特征不同，样品的中心体清晰与否、远极附着部位褶皱的有无均未发生变化。本研究证实福尼花粉属确为原厚囊粉属的同物异名，原福尼花粉属物种应被重新归入修订后的原厚囊粉属物种范畴。在印度二叠纪生物地层学研究中应用原厚囊粉属及其物种，将有助于未来研究优化冈瓦纳（Gondwanan）地层对比与古生物地理重建工作。