Model selection.

Shown are information criteria for fit of models including the fixed and random effects of (A) M. lucifugus, (B) P. subflavus, (C) M. sodalis, and (D) M. septentrionalis. Fixed effects are Day, smoothed Day, Year, and smoothed Year, and the random effects are Route and Route nested in Location. Best models were selected on the basis of Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC). DF are the degrees of freedom, Δi is the difference in AIC between the top-ranked and listed model, and wi is the Akaike weight, the weight of evidence for each model in the set given the data (where 1.00 represents the highest likelihood of the model relative to other models). The number of models examined varied for each species because some random effects were not applicable for some species, due to the particular survey routes used.