COVID-19 Vaccination perceptions of HCWs

Objectives: This study aimed to identify COVID-19 vaccine perception,
acceptance, confidence, hesitancy, and barriers among healthcare workers
(HCW). Methods: An online national cross-sectional pilot-validated
questionnaire was self-administered by HCW in Saudi Arabia, a nation with
MERS-CoV experience. The main outcome variable was HCW’s acceptance of
COVID-19 vaccine candidates. The associated factors of vaccination
acceptance were identified through a logistic regression analysis and the
level of anxiety using a validated instrument to measure general anxiety
levels. Results: Out of 1512 HCWs who completed the study
questionnaire—62.4% women, 70% were willing to receive COVID-19 vaccines.
Logistic regression analysis revealed that male HCWs (ORa=1.551, 95% CI:
1.122–2.144), HCWs who believe in vaccine safety (ORa=2.151; 95%
CI:1.708–2.708), HCWs who believe that COVID vaccines are the most likely
way to stop the pandemic (ORa=1.539; 95% CI: 1.259–1.881), and HCWs who
rely on Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website for COVID 19
updates (ORa=1.505, 95% CI: 1.125–2.013) were significantly associated
with reporting willingness to be vaccinated. However, HCWs who believed
vaccines were rushed without evidence-informed testing were found to be
60% less inclined to accept COVID-19 vaccines (ORa=0.394, 95% CI:
0.298–0.522). Conclusion: Most HCWs are willing to receive COVID-19
vaccines once available; yet satisfactoriness of COVID-19 vaccination
among HCWs is crucial because health professionals’ knowledge and
confidence toward vaccines are important determining factors for their own
vaccine acceptance and recommendation to their patients.

研究目的：本研究旨在明确医护人员（Healthcare Workers，HCW）对新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）疫苗的认知、接受度、信任度、犹豫态度及相关阻碍因素。
研究方法：本研究采用线上全国性横断面调查，使用经预试验验证的自填式问卷，由沙特阿拉伯的医护人员自行填写——该国曾有中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒（MERS-CoV）的防控经验。本研究的主要结局变量为医护人员对COVID-19候选疫苗的接受意愿。通过逻辑回归分析明确疫苗接受意愿的相关影响因素，并采用经效度验证的量表测评研究对象的总体焦虑水平。
研究结果：共计1512名医护人员完成了研究问卷，其中女性占比62.4%；70%的受访者愿意接种COVID-19疫苗。逻辑回归分析结果显示，男性医护人员（校正优势比[ORa]=1.551，95%置信区间[CI]：1.122~2.144）、认为疫苗安全性可靠的医护人员（ORa=2.151；95%CI：1.708~2.708）、认同COVID-19疫苗是终结疫情最有效手段的医护人员（ORa=1.539；95%CI：1.259~1.881），以及依赖美国疾病控制与预防中心（Centers for Disease Control and Prevention，CDC）网站获取COVID-19疫情信息的医护人员，均与报告的疫苗接种意愿呈显著正相关。反之，认为疫苗未经循证检验即仓促上市的医护人员，其接种COVID-19疫苗的意愿显著降低60%（ORa=0.394，95%CI：0.298~0.522）。
研究结论：大多数医护人员表示在疫苗获批后愿意接种COVID-19疫苗；但提升医护群体对COVID-19疫苗的满意度至关重要，因为医护人员对疫苗的认知与信任程度，是影响其自身疫苗接种意愿及向患者推荐疫苗的关键决定因素。