Data_Sheet_1_The Genetic Architecture of Grain Yield in Spring Wheat Based on Genome-Wide Association Study.zip

Uncovering the genetic architecture for grain yield (GY)–related traits is important for wheat breeding. To detect stable loci for GY-related traits, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted in a diverse panel, which included 251 elite spring wheat accessions mainly from the Northeast of China. In total, 52,503 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the wheat 55 K SNP arrays were used. Thirty-eight loci for GY-related traits were detected and each explained 6.5–16.7% of the phenotypic variations among which 12 are at similar locations with the known genes or quantitative trait loci and 26 are likely to be new. Furthermore, six genes possibly involved in cell division, signal transduction, and plant development are candidate genes for GY-related traits. This study provides new insights into the genetic architecture of GY and the significantly associated SNPs and accessions with a larger number of favorable alleles could be used to further enhance GY in breeding.解析与籽粒产量（GY）相关性状的遗传结构，对小麦育种具有重要意义。为挖掘籽粒产量相关性状的稳定遗传位点，本研究以251份主要源自中国东北地区的优良春小麦种质资源构成的多样性群体为材料，开展了全基因组关联分析（GWAS）。本研究共采用小麦55K SNP芯片获得的52503个单核苷酸多态性（SNPs）标记进行分析，最终检测到38个与籽粒产量相关性状的遗传位点，单个位点可解释6.5%~16.7%的表型变异；其中12个位点与已报道的基因或数量性状位点（QTL）位置相近，剩余26个位点大概率为新发现的位点。此外，本研究筛选出6个可能参与细胞分裂、信号转导及植物生长发育过程的基因，作为籽粒产量相关性状的候选基因。本研究为解析籽粒产量相关性状的遗传结构提供了新的视角，同时，携带更多有利等位基因的显著关联SNP标记及种质资源，可用于后续小麦育种中进一步提升籽粒产量。