Aerial Photography and Survey Methods

Use aircraft to collect geographically referenced information. Applications of aerial mapping are common in the geosciences, conservation biology, and monitoring of hazards. Instrumentation on the aircraft typically measures electromagnetic radiation—either as light or another portion of the spectrum—or it measures properties of the fluids it moves through such as the temperature or chemistry of air and clouds. These measurements are linked to the aircraft’s longitude, latitude, altitude, and its motion relative to a reference point. Aircraft have several advantages over satellite platforms, such as the ability of operators to collect higher resolution data, change payloads, and image under clouds. Aircraft are also used to test new satellite sensors before they are launched into space.

本数据集依托航空器采集带有地理坐标参考的信息。航空测绘的应用在地球科学、保护生物学以及灾害监测领域均较为常见。航空器搭载的观测仪器通常会探测电磁辐射，包括可见光或光谱的其他波段，或是测量其途经流体的相关属性，例如空气与云层的温度及化学组成。上述测量结果会与航空器的经度、纬度、高度以及其相对于参考点的运动状态相关联。相较于卫星平台，航空器具备多项显著优势：操作人员可获取更高分辨率的数据、更换有效载荷，还能在云层遮蔽条件下开展成像作业。此外，航空器还可用于在新型卫星传感器发射升空之前对其进行测试。