Performance of 'Valência' sweet orange grafted onto rootstocks in the state of Acre, Brazil

Abstract: The objective of this work was to select rootstocks, based on the agronomic characters and fruit quality of the 'Valência' orange tree. The evaluated rootstocks were: the 'Cleópatra' mandarin; the TSKFL x CTTR-013, LVK x LCR-038, TSKC x CTQT 1439-004, LVK x LVA-009, TSK x TRENG-256 ('Indio' citrandarin) hybrid genotypes; the 'Santa Cruz' Rangpur lime; and the TSKFL x CTC-25-002, and TSKC x CTSW-038 hybrids. The experiment was installed in 2010 and evaluated from 2013 to 2017. The parameters plant height, canopy volume, yield efficiency, scion:rootstock ratio, survival percentage, and drought tolerance were evaluated in 2017. The yield average of five harvests was estimated, as well as the annual production per plant and the accumulated production. The analyzed fruit traits were: mass, diameter, peel length and thickness, juice yield, soluble solids, acidity, and technological index. 'Valência' shows a lower plant height and canopy volume, besides a higher yield efficiency, when grafted on TSKC x CTSW-038 than on the other rootstocks. LVK x LCR-038, TSKC x CTQT 1439-004, 'Indio' citrandarin, and 'Santa Cruz' Rangpur lime increase the production of the 'Valência' orange. LVK x LCR-038 and the 'Indio' citrandarin induce the scion to produce a better quality fruit.

摘要：本研究旨在基于瓦伦西亚橙（Valência orange）的农艺性状与果实品质筛选适宜砧木。供试砧木包括：克利奥帕特拉柑橘（Cleópatra mandarin）；TSKFL × CTTR-013、LVK × LCR-038、TSKC × CTQT 1439-004、LVK × LVA-009、TSK × TRENG-256（印第奥枳橙，Indio citrandarin）等杂交基因型；圣克鲁斯伦普尔柠檬（Santa Cruz Rangpur lime）；以及TSKFL × CTC-25-002、TSKC × CTSW-038两个杂交组合。本试验于2010年定植，2013至2017年开展调查评估。2017年测定的指标包括植株株高、冠幅体积、产量效率、接穗与砧木比值、成活率及耐旱性。同时估算了5次采收的平均产量、单株年产量及累计总产量。分析的果实性状包括：单果质量、果径、果皮长度与厚度、出汁率、可溶性固形物含量、酸度及加工指数。研究表明，与其他砧木相比，瓦伦西亚橙嫁接于TSKC × CTSW-038时，株高与冠幅体积更低，但产量效率更高。LVK × LCR-038、TSKC × CTQT 1439-004、印第奥枳橙及圣克鲁斯伦普尔柠檬可提升瓦伦西亚橙的产量。LVK × LCR-038与印第奥枳橙可诱导接穗结出品质更优的果实。