WISCO occupations_ISCO08_5dgt_55languages_4000titles_with_mapping_surveycodings_20230425

Occupation is a key variable in socio-economic research, used in a wide variety of studies, but its measurement is a major challenge. The national stocks of job titles are large with 10,000’s of job titles, they are unstructured with vague boundaries between job titles, and the stock has no fixed list but instead many entries and exits over time. Measuring occupations in a multi-country survey is even a larger challenge, because occupations with the same tasks have to be coded similarly across countries. Most surveys use an open-ended survey question to measure occupations. The challenge relates to time-consuming and expensive office-coding. Alternatively, web surveys and CAPI surveys allow using a look-up database with occupational titles. The Surveycodings team and WageIndicator Foundation provide a multilingual database of coded and translated occupational titles that allow for urvey respondents' self-identification of their occupational titles, thereby tackling the challenge for multi-country surveys to classify job titles into ISCO-08 classification of occupations and to do so consistently across countries. The database is gradually extended with more occupational titles and more languages. The current version, as of 20230202, holds 55 languages for at most 4,000 titles, though some languages have only half of the titles translated, among others because the occupations do not exist in the country at stake or because no translations were aavailable. Details about this and related databases as well as related publications can be found at https://www.surveycodings.org/articles/codings/occupation.职业是社会经济研究中的核心变量，被广泛应用于各类研究场景，但其量化方法始终是一项重大挑战。各国职业称谓存量规模庞大，可达数以万计；且此类称谓均为非结构化数据，不同职业间边界模糊，同时并无固定名录，而是随时间推移不断产生新增与淘汰。在多国调查中开展职业量化更是一项艰巨挑战，因为任务内容相同的职业需要在各国间保持一致的编码标准。多数调查采用开放式问题量化职业，其难点在于案头编码耗时耗力且成本高昂。与之相对，网络调查与计算机辅助个人访谈（Computer-Assisted Personal Interviewing, CAPI）则可借助职业称谓查询数据库完成量化。SurveyCodings团队与工资指标基金会（WageIndicator Foundation）共同打造了一套包含已编码且经翻译职业称谓的多语言数据库，支持调查受访者自主填报自身职业称谓，由此解决了多国调查中将职业称谓归类至《国际标准职业分类2008（International Standard Classification of Occupations 2008, ISCO-08）》并在各国间保持统一编码标准的难题。该数据库正逐步扩充，将纳入更多职业称谓与语言版本。截至2023年2月2日的当前版本，共涵盖最多4000条职业称谓、支持55种语言；不过部分语言仅完成了半数职业称谓的翻译，原因包括对应国家不存在该类职业，或暂无可用译稿。有关该数据库及相关数据库、相关研究成果的详细信息，可访问https://www.surveycodings.org/articles/codings/occupation查阅。