Health Survey for England, 2016

The <I>Health Survey for England</I> is a series of surveys designed to monitor trends in the nation's health. It is commissioned by the Information Centre and carried out by the Joint Health Surveys Unit of the National Centre for Social Research and the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health at University College London.<ul><li>The aims of the HSE series are: <li>to provide annual data about the nation's health;</li><li>to estimate the proportion of people in England with specified health conditions;</li><li>to estimate the prevalence of certain risk factors associated with these conditions;</li><li>to examine differences between population subgroups in their likelihood of having specific conditions or risk factors;</li><li>to assess the frequency with which particular combinations of risk factors are found, and which groups these combinations most commonly occur;</li><li>to monitor progress towards selected health targets;</li><li>since 1995, to measure the height of children at different ages, replacing the National Study of Health and Growth, and to monitor the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children.</li></ul>The survey includes a number of core questions every year but also focuses on different health issues at each wave. Topics are revisited at appropriate intervals in order to monitor change. <br>
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Further information about the series may be found on the NHS Digital <a href="http://content.digital.nhs.uk/article/3741/Health-Survey-for-England-Health-social-care-and-lifestyles" title="Health Survey for England; health, social care and lifestyles">Health Survey for England; health, social care and lifestyles</a> webpage, the NatCen Social Research <a href="http://www.natcen.ac.uk/our-research/research/health-survey-for-england/" title="NatCen Health Survey for England">NatCen Health Survey for England</a> webpage and the University College London Health and Social Surveys Research Group <a href="http://www.ucl.ac.uk/hssrg/studies/hse" title="UCL Health Survey for England">UCL Health Survey for England</a> webpage.<br>
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<b>Changes to the HSE from 2015</b>:<br>
Users should note that from 2015 survey onwards, only the individual data file is available. The household data file is no longer released for analysis. In addition, users may see other changes; for example only grouped age is now available instead of single year of age. NHS Digital have issued the following statement on changes to the HSE from 2015:<br>
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"NHS Digital has recently reviewed how we manage access to survey datasets. In doing this we have sought to strike a balance between protecting the privacy of individuals and enabling maximum use of these valuable, publicly funded data collections. We have thoroughly reviewed our disclosure control measures, including taking advice from experts at the Office of National Statistics. The result is that additional disclosure control measures have been applied to the 2015 survey [onwards] to enable a suitable dataset to be made available through the UK Data Service via end user licence. This involved providing less detail on some aspects, such as geographical classifications, ethnicity and household relationships. To provide greater protection of the answers of children and adults within households it is not possible to identify people within the same household on this dataset." <br>
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It is hoped that a second dataset with more detail including family and household relationships will be made available via Special Licence. In the meantime, researchers who want to do analysis of health and behaviours within families or households are advised to register their interest for a more detailed dataset with NatCen Social Research and provide information about their proposed research and which data they want. <br>
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<i>《英格兰健康调查（Health Survey for England，简称HSE）》</i>是一系列用于追踪国民健康趋势的调查项目。该项目由信息中心委托，由英国国家社会研究中心联合健康调查单元与伦敦大学学院流行病学与公共卫生系共同执行。
<ul><li>该系列调查的目标包括：</li>
<li>提供英格兰国民健康的年度统计数据；</li>
<li>估算英格兰境内罹患特定健康病症的人群比例；</li>
<li>估算与上述病症相关的部分风险因素的患病率；</li>
<li>分析不同人口亚群罹患特定病症或暴露于特定风险因素的概率差异；</li>
<li>评估特定风险因素组合的出现频率，并明确此类组合最常出现的人群组别；</li>
<li>追踪既定健康目标的达成进展；</li>
<li>自1995年起，替代《全国健康与成长研究》，测量不同年龄段儿童的身高，并追踪儿童超重与肥胖的患病率。</li></ul>
该调查每年均包含一系列核心问题，同时每一轮调查都会聚焦不同的健康议题。相关主题会在合适的周期内重复调研，以监测健康状况的变化。<br>
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如需了解该系列调查的更多信息，可访问英国国民保健署数字服务（NHS Digital）的<a href="http://content.digital.nhs.uk/article/3741/Health-Survey-for-England-Health-social-care-and-lifestyles" title="Health Survey for England; health, social care and lifestyles">英格兰健康调查：健康、社会关怀与生活方式</a>网页、英国国家社会研究中心（NatCen Social Research）的<a href="http://www.natcen.ac.uk/our-research/research/health-survey-for-england/" title="NatCen Health Survey for England">英格兰健康调查</a>网页，以及伦敦大学学院健康与社会调查研究组的<a href="http://www.ucl.ac.uk/hssrg/studies/hse" title="UCL Health Survey for England">英格兰健康调查</a>网页。<br>
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<b>2015年起HSE的变更事项</b>：<br>
用户需注意，自2015年调查起，仅可获取个人数据文件，家庭数据文件不再对外发布以供分析。此外，调查还存在其他调整，例如当前仅提供分组年龄数据，不再提供单一年龄数据。英国国民保健署数字服务曾就2015年及之后的调查变更发布如下声明：<br>
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"英国国民保健署数字服务近期对调查数据集的管理方式进行了评估，旨在平衡保护受访者隐私与最大化利用这些由公共资金资助的宝贵数据集之间的关系。我们已全面审查了披露控制措施，包括征询了英国国家统计局专家的建议。最终，我们对2015年及之后的调查新增了披露控制措施，以确保可通过英国数据服务中心以最终用户许可的形式提供合规的数据集。这意味着部分数据细节将有所缩减，例如地理分类、种族与家庭关系等维度。为更好地保护家庭内儿童与成人的应答信息，本数据集无法识别同一家庭内的受访者。" <br>
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预计未来将有包含更多家庭与家庭关系细节的第二份数据集通过特殊许可的形式对外发布。在此期间，若研究人员希望开展家庭或户内健康与行为相关的分析，建议向英国国家数据服务中心登记研究意向即可。<br>
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