Sociodemographic data of participants.

Background Trans and gender-diverse individuals experience adverse health outcomes that might be due, in addition to other factors, to stigma and discrimination in the health care sector. At the same time, the concept of person-centred care acknowledges the role of patient-physician communication in health care outcomes. This study aims to explore patient-physician communication preferences in trans and gender-diverse individuals. Method A qualitative interview study was conducted, including N = 10 participants between February and March 2022. Participants were interviewed using a semi-structured interview guideline, based on previous knowledge in person-centred care and sample specific communication. Participants were asked about their experiences and wishes in patient-physician centeredness. Analyses were conducting using a qualitative content analysis strategy. Results Mean age was 29.3 years; n = 6 participants identified themselves within the binary gender concept, while n = 4 identified themselves with a non-binary gender. Communication preferences for patient-physician communication were categorised into four themes: general communication aspects (e.g. active listening); the role of gender during appointments (e.g. appropriate/inappropriate addressing); gender-neutral language (e.g. experiences use of gender neutral language by physicians); own communication style (e.g. early outing and justification). Furthermore, possible contextual factors of patient-physician communication where found (e.g. trusting relationship). Conclusion Adding knowledge to communication preferences of trans and gender-diverse individuals, this study was able to identify preferences that are specific to the sample as well as preferences that differ from the cis-gendered population. However, it remains unclear how the patient-physician communication preferences affects health care utilization and outcomes. Trial registration German Clinical Trial Register (DRKS00026249).研究背景 跨性别与性别多元群体面临不良健康结局，除其他因素外，这可能与医疗保健领域的污名化和歧视有关。与此同时，以患者为中心的护理（person-centred care）理念认可了医患沟通对健康结局的重要作用。本研究旨在探究跨性别与性别多元群体的医患沟通偏好。 研究方法 本研究采用质性访谈法，于2022年2月至3月间纳入10名参与者（N=10）。研究基于既有以患者为中心的护理相关知识与针对该特定样本的沟通要点，采用半结构化访谈指南对参与者进行访谈。参与者需阐述其对医患沟通以患者为中心的相关体验与诉求。本研究采用质性内容分析法开展数据分析。 研究结果 本次研究的参与者平均年龄为29.3岁；其中6名参与者以二元性别框架自我认同，4名参与者认同非二元性别。医患沟通偏好可归纳为四大主题：一般性沟通维度（如主动倾听）；就诊期间的性别角色相关问题（如恰当/不恰当的称谓）；性别中立语言（如医护人员使用性别中立语言的相关体验）；自身沟通风格（如主动出柜与解释说明）。此外，本研究还发现了影响医患沟通的潜在情境因素（如信任型医患关系）。 研究结论 本研究丰富了跨性别与性别多元群体的医患沟通偏好相关认知，明确了该群体特有的沟通偏好，以及与顺性别群体存在差异的沟通偏好。然而，目前仍不清楚医患沟通偏好如何影响医疗服务利用与健康结局。 试验注册 德国临床试验注册库（DRKS00026249）。