Aerobic granular reactors

Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) is an innovative technology to simultaneously remove nitrogen, phosphorus and carbon (SNDPR) from wastewater with bacterial granules and is considered to be one of the most prospective biological treatment technologies in the 21st century.Methanol and ethanol is most commonly used in various wastewater treatment plants for the enhancement of denitrification; however, it has insignificant or negligible effects on biological phosphorus removal. On the other hand, acetate is the most prevalent VFA in lab study and municipal wastewater treatment plant as the typical carbon source for Enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR). Other VFAs, such as propionate, butyrate, valerate, isovalerate and lactate, have been used for EBPR purposes.好氧颗粒污泥（Aerobic granular sludge, AGS）是一项依托细菌颗粒实现污水中氮、磷与碳的同步去除（Simultaneous Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Carbon Removal, SNDPR）的创新技术，被认为是21世纪最具应用前景的生物处理技术之一。甲醇与乙醇是各类污水处理厂中最常用于强化反硝化的碳源，但其对生物除磷的效果不甚显著，甚至可忽略不计。另一方面，乙酸盐是实验室研究与市政污水处理厂中最为常见的挥发性脂肪酸（Volatile Fatty Acid, VFA），同时也是强化生物除磷（Enhanced biological phosphorus removal, EBPR）的典型碳源。其他挥发性脂肪酸（VFA），如丙酸盐、丁酸盐、戊酸盐、异戊酸盐与乳酸盐，也已被应用于强化生物除磷（EBPR）相关研究与工程实践中。