Victoria Region haplochromine cichlid fishes

Whole-genome resequencing data of haplochromine cichlid fishes from the Lake Victoria Region associated with the publication by Meier et al. in Science 2023. In Africa's Lake Victoria region one cichlid lineage radiated in every lake, with the largest radiation in a lake under 20,000 years old. We show that all its species and ecological guilds evolved in situ. The history of the radiation is one of cycles of fusion (hybridization) and fission (radiation). It began after swamp-dwelling refugial populations, themselves of older hybrid descent, fused which re-suspended old admixture variation. Each contributed a different set of ancient alleles from which the food web radiation rapidly assembled, involving additional fusion and fission events. Such cycles of fusion and fission make adaptive radiation fast and predictable.本数据集为与Meier等人2023年发表于《Science》的研究相关的维多利亚湖区域单色慈鲷（haplochromine cichlid）的全基因组重测序数据。在非洲维多利亚湖区域，某一慈鲷演化支在多个湖泊中均发生了物种辐射演化，其中规模最大的辐射发生在一处形成不足2万年的湖泊内。本研究证实，该演化支的所有物种与生态功能群均为原地演化而来。此次辐射演化的历史呈现为融合（杂交，hybridization）与分化（辐射演化，radiation）的循环过程。该辐射演化始于一群沼泽栖息型避难种群发生融合——这些种群本身源自古老的杂交谱系，此次融合重新激活了古老的混合遗传变异。这些种群各自贡献了一套独特的古老等位基因，依托这些等位基因，食物网相关的物种辐射得以快速构建完成，期间又伴随了多轮融合与分化事件。这类融合与分化的循环模式，使得适应性辐射演化既快速又具有可预测性。