Data from: Post-release survival of marine gastropods: a review

Marine gastropods support important artisanal, cultural, and commercial fisheries. However, overexploitation of abalone, conch, topshell, and limpets has resulted in population declines globally, with numerous species on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Various efforts to supplement existing populations by either translocating wild or releasing hatchery-produced stock have suffered from low survival. To understand predictors influencing post-release survival, we conducted a systematic review and quantitative synthesis of literature on marine gastropod releases. Our global review identified 88 studies (575 unique release events) across 18 species. A similar number of releases were conducted in tropical (52%) and temperate (48%) regions, although most release events involved either Haliotidae (57%) or Strombidae (26%). Most releases used hatchery-produced stock (77%), highlighting the prominent role of aquaculture. For seven species with sufficient data, we tested the effect of time since release, stock origin (hatchery, translocated), size at release, and density on post-release apparent survival (referred to as ‘survival’ hereafter), where applicable. Survival declined through time regardless of species. Hatchery-produced and translocated Haliotis fulgens had similar survival post-release, but hatchery-produced Aliger gigas had lower survival probability than translocated stock. Size at release increased survival probability for only two (Haliotis discus and A. gigas) of the seven species. Similarly, density had no effect on the post-release survival of Haliotis rubra, Haliotis rufescens, and A. gigas. Overall, we found low long-term predicted survival across the seven species. Our findings highlight that overcoming low post-release survival is a significant hurdle when rehabilitating depleted stocks of marine gastropods. This data set is in support of the article published with the same title in Biological Conservation (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111153)海洋腹足类软体动物支撑着重要的手工、文化及商业渔业。然而，对鲍鱼（abalone）、凤螺（conch）、钟螺（topshell）和帽贝（limpets）的过度捕捞已导致全球范围内种群数量下降，众多物种被列入《世界自然保护联盟濒危物种红色名录（IUCN Red List of Threatened Species）》。以往通过移殖野生个体或放流人工繁育种群以补充现有种群的各类尝试，均面临存活率偏低的问题。为明确影响放流后存活率的预测因子，我们针对海洋腹足类软体动物放流相关文献开展了系统综述与定量综合分析。本次全球范围的综述共纳入18个物种的88项研究（涵盖575次独立放流事件）。热带（52%）与温带（48%）区域的放流事件数量相近，但绝大多数放流事件涉及鲍科（Haliotidae，57%）或凤螺科（Strombidae，26%）物种。多数放流采用人工繁育种群（77%），凸显了水产养殖业的核心作用。针对数据充足的7个物种，我们在可行情况下检验了放流时长、种群来源（人工繁育、移殖野生个体）、放流规格及放流密度对放流后表观存活率（下文简称“存活率”）的影响。无论所属物种为何，存活率均随时间推移而下降。人工繁育与移殖野生的绿鲍（Haliotis fulgens）放流后存活率无显著差异，但人工繁育的大凤螺（Aliger gigas）放流存活率低于移殖野生个体。放流规格仅对7个物种中的2个（盘鲍Haliotis discus与大凤螺Aliger gigas）的存活率有正向提升作用。同理，放流密度对澳洲鲍（Haliotis rubra）、红鲍（Haliotis rufescens）及大凤螺Aliger gigas的放流后存活率无显著影响。总体而言，我们发现7个物种的长期预测存活率普遍偏低。本研究结果表明，在修复衰退的海洋腹足类软体动物种群时，解决放流后存活率偏低的问题是一项重大挑战。 本数据集支撑了发表于《生物保护（Biological Conservation）》的同名论文（https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111153）