STRATEGIES OF RESISTANCE AND EMPOWERMENT OF PORTUGUESE WOMEN COACHES IN SPORTS

ABSTRACT The participation of women in sports is the subject of analysis of several studies that continuously evidence inequality and asymmetry in relation to men in the different spheres of activity within this field. The objective of this study is to comprehend male hegemony as coaches and how it is accepted and/or contested in the sports environment by identifying attitudes that incorporate this male dominance or that contradict and resist it. The sample of this study is composed of interviews with 37 Portuguese female coaches in both individual and team sports. The results indicate that the presence of women in leadership positions in sports, such as of head coach, does not ensure in itself an objection to male hegemony. It becomes necessary that women incorporate the concept of “agency” in order to identify and implement strategies that resist and consequently change the patriarchal structures that perpetuate the underrepresentation of women in coaching sports.

摘要：本研究围绕女性参与体育的议题展开，既往多项相关研究均证实，在体育领域的各类活动范畴中，女性相较于男性始终存在不平等与不对称的处境。本研究旨在解析以教练身份存在的男性霸权，通过识别契合该男性主导逻辑或与之相悖、予以抵制的态度，探究此类霸权在体育场域中如何被接纳或受到质疑。本研究的样本包含对37名分别从事个人项目与团体项目的葡萄牙女性教练的访谈。研究结果表明，女性在体育领域担任主教练等领导职务这一事实，本身并不能构成对男性霸权的有效抵制。因此，女性需融入“能动性(agency)”这一核心概念，以此识别并推行抵制策略，进而改变那些持续使女性在体育教练岗位上代表性不足的父权制结构。